Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) no entorno de um caso felino: um estudo sobre sua transmissão

Branco, Aline Serricella; Mendes-de-Almeida, Flavya; Faria, Maria Carolina Ferreira; Souza-Dantas, Letícia Mattos de; Labarthe, Norma

doi:10.4322/rbpv.018e1003

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…scapularis (formerly typical of forest areas), which was detected in peridomestic areas. Studies have indicated that this species is adapted to anthropic environments, especially areas modified by human beings (BRANCO et al, 2009;TAIPE-LAGOS;NATAL, 2003). The finding of a high number of L. durhamii specimens during the rainy period corroborates with what was reported by LIRA-VIEIRA et al (2013) in the central-western region of Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…From an epidemiological perspective, development of species originally from forest areas in domestic and peridomestic areas represents a risk for the populations residing in these areas, since they are exposed to different diseases transmitted by culicids, such as dengue, yellow fever, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, human and canine filariasis and Rocio encephalitis (BRANCO et al, 2009;FORATTINI et al, 1995;FORATTINI, 2002;NUNES et al, 2008). The last disease mentioned (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of immature forms of culicids (Insecta: Diptera) in the northeastern region of Brazil

Silva

Sérvio

Ramos

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The Culicidae family is represented by approximately 3,610 species, among which many are involved in transmission of pathogens and parasites, thus presenting great medical-veterinary importance. In Brazil, the state of Pernambuco is considered an endemic area for many diseases vectored by mosquitoes, such as human and canine filariasis, caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and Dirofilaria immitis, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of immature forms of culicids, over an one-year period, in a specific area of northeastern region of Brazil. Culicids larvae were collected from traps located on the ground and in treetops, between october 2012 and september 2013. Ten different species of culicids were identified. The greatest number of larvae were collected in september 2013 and the lowest number in december 2012. Stegomyia (Stegomyia) albopicta (46.45%; 5,908/12,718), Culex (Culex) maxi (35.56%; 4,523/12,718) and Limatus durhamii (12.58%; 1,600/12,718) were the most frequent species. The human and animal populations living in the study area are exposed to culicids and transmission agents throughout the year, especially after the rains. Therefore, control and prevention measures against culicids must be adopted in the study area.Keywords: Mosquitoes, seasonal, abundance, vectors, Culicidae. ResumoA família Culicidae é representada por aproximadamente 3.610 espécies, dentre as quais muitas estão envolvidas na transmissão de patógenos e parasitos, apresentando assim grande importância médico-veterinária. No Brasil, o Estado de Pernambuco é considerado área endêmica para diversas doenças transmitidas por mosquitos como, por exemplo, as filarioses humana e canina causadas pela Wuchereria bancrofti e Dirofilaria immitis, respectivamente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de formas imaturas de culicídeos durante um ano em uma área do Nordeste do Brasil. Larvas de culicídeos foram coletadas em armadilhas localizadas no solo e copa de árvores, no período de outubro de 2012 a setembro de 2013. Dez diferentes espécies de culicídeos foram identificadas, sendo o maior número de larvas coletadas em setembro de 2013 e o menor número em dezembro de 2012. Stegomyia (Stegomyia) albopicta (46,45%; 5.908/12.718), Culex (Culex) maxi (35,56%; 4.523/12.718) e Limatus durhamii (12,58%; 1.600/12.718) foram as espécies mais frequentes. A população humana e animal residente na área de estudo é exposta aos culicídeos e aos agentes por eles veiculados durante todo o ano, sobretudo após o período de chuvas. Portanto, medidas de controle e prevenção dos culicídeos devem ser adotadas na área estudada.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of immature forms of culicids (Insecta: Diptera) in the northeastern region of Brazil

Silva

Sérvio

Ramos

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Indeed, information about the geographical distribution and epidemiological features of D. immitis infection in cats is scarce, particularly in the urban stray cat population living in endemic regions for canine heartworm disease (Villanueva-Saz et al, 2021). Specifically in Brazil, there are only two reports of feline heartworm disease (Alberigi et al, 2020;Branco et al, 2009), and both occurred in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of Dirofilaria immitis infection with acute cardiopulmonary complications in a cat from Northeastern Brazil

Moraes

Pollo

Marques

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Dirofilariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis, a nematode found mainly in the pulmonary artery and right chambers of the heart, lungs, and large vessels of dogs. This parasitism also occasionally occurs in cats, causing an amicrofilaremic and asymptomatic infection, resulting in severe illness and rapid death. In this case report, it was described acute clinical signs and histopathological alterations in a domestic cat with heartworm disease from the city of Mossoró, the Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The nematode species, D. immitis, was confirmed by morphological and molecular analyses. This is the first documented and full report of feline heartworm disease in northeastern Brazil.

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“…Because the development of mosquitoes is water and temperature dependent, wetlands (e.g., marsh, swamp, bog) and river valleys provide suitable environmental conditions for the vectors to develop, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, where potential vectors of D. immitis are widespread and may be present throughout the entire year. For example, an entomological survey carried out in Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil revealed that St. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus were present the year-round [46]. Accordingly, in these areas, the recommendation of preventatives (e.g., mosquito repellents and microfilaricides) becomes even more important towards the control of D. immitis infestation at the individual and population level.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dirofilariosis in the Americas: a more virulent Dirofilaria immitis?

Dantas‐Torres

Otranto

2013

Parasites Vectors

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Dirofilarioses are widespread diseases caused by filarioid nematodes (superfamily Filarioidea) of the genus Dirofilaria, which are transmitted by a plethora of mosquito species. The principal agent of canine dirofilariosis in the Americas is Dirofilaria immitis, which may also occasionally infest humans, resulting in pulmonary nodules that may be confounded with malignant lung tumours. Because human cases of dirofilariosis by D. immitis are relatively frequent in the Americas and rare in Europe and other eastern countries, where Dirofilaria repens is the main causative agent, the existence of a more virulent strain of D. immitis in the Americas has been speculated. Recently, a case of human ocular infestation by Dirofilaria sp. was diagnosed in Pará State, northern Brazil, where canine heartworm dirofilariosis is endemic. The nematode was shown to be morphologically and phylogenetically related to D. immitis but it was genetically distinct from reference sequences, including those of D. immitis infesting dogs in the same geographical area. This finding raised questions regarding the aetiology of human dirofilariosis in the Americas, since information on the genetic makeup of filarioids infesting dogs and humans is meagre. Further studies would be needed to better characterize filarioids infesting dogs, wild animals, and humans in the Americas and to assess the existence of a more virulent D. immitis strain in this continent. Finally, the competence of different culicid species/strains from Europe and the Americas as vectors of Dirofilaria species should be investigated. Such studies would help us to understand possible variations in transmission patterns and even to predict possible scenarios that may emerge in the future, with the introduction of non-endemic Dirofilaria species/strains in free areas through importation of infested animals, vectors, or both.

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Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) no entorno de um caso felino: um estudo sobre sua transmissão

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Occurrence of immature forms of culicids (Insecta: Diptera) in the northeastern region of Brazil

Occurrence of immature forms of culicids (Insecta: Diptera) in the northeastern region of Brazil

Report of Dirofilaria immitis infection with acute cardiopulmonary complications in a cat from Northeastern Brazil

Dirofilariosis in the Americas: a more virulent Dirofilaria immitis?

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