Proton conductive membranes based on poly(styrene-co-allyl alcohol) Semi-IPN

Abstract

Abstract:The optimization of fuel cell materials, particularly polymer membranes, for PEMFC has driven the development of methods and alternatives to achieve systems with more adequate properties to this application. The sulfonation of poly(styrene-co-allyl alcohol) (PSAA), using sulfonating agent:styrene ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10, was previously performed to obtain proton conductive polymer membranes. Most of those membranes exhibited solubility in water with increasing temperature and showed conductivity of approximately 10 -5 S cm -1. In order to optimize the PSAA properties, especially decreasing its solubility, semi-IPN (SIPN) membranes are proposed in the present study. These membranes were obtained from the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), curing reactions in presence of DDS (4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulfone) and PSAA. Different DGEBA/PSAA weight ratios were employed, varying the PSAA concentration between 9 and 50% and keeping the mass ratio of DGEBA:DDS as 1:1. The samples were characterized by FTIR and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Unperturbed bands of PSAA were observed in the FTIR spectra of membranes, suggesting that chemical integrity of the polymer is maintained during the synthesis. In particular, bands involving C-C stretching (1450 cm -1 ), C=C (aromatic, ~ 3030 cm .

Proton Conductivity and Free Volume Properties in Per-Fluorinated Sulfonic acid/PTFE Copolymer for Fuel Cell

“…The second route is a vehicle mechanism, in which a proton combines with molecules, producing a complex which diffuses through the membrane. From the correlation between proton conductivity and temperature, the activation energy E a can be calculated from the use of the Arrhenius equation [23]:…”

Thermal energy storage properties of polyethylene glycol grafted styrenic copolymer as novel solid‐solid phase change materials

“…In FT‐IR spectra of PEGs, the stretching vibrations of the main characteristic peaks O–H, C–O, and C–H groups appeared in the range of about 1103 to 1115, 2870 to 2920, and 3300 to 3350 cm −1 , respectively . In the spectrum of PSAA, the spectral bands at 3345.9, 3047.6, 2818.4‐2928.7, 1728.4, and 1118.4 cm −1 are attributed to the stretching vibration of O–H, C–H, CO, and C–O groups and out‐of‐plane aromatic C–H …”

“…In FT-IR spectra of PEGs, the stretching vibrations of the main characteristic peaks O-H, C-O, and C-H groups appeared in the range of about 1103 to 1115, 2870 to 2920, and 3300 to 3350 cm −1 , respectively. 33,34 In the spectrum of PSAA, the spectral bands at 3345.9, 3047.6, 2818.4-2928.7, 1728.4, and 1118.4 cm −1 are attributed to the stretching vibration of O-H, C-H, C O, and C-O groups and out-of-plane aromatic C-H. 35,36 On the other hand, the stretching bands of O-H, C-H, C-O, C O, and C C groups in the polymers were detected in the range of about 3448 to 3463 cm −1 , 2880 to 2935 cm −1 , 1105 to 1109 cm −1 , 1718 to 1722 cm −1 , and 3045 to 3047 cm −1 , respectively. Furthermore, the peaks at 948.8, 956.5, and 948.8 cm −1 were regarded with C-N group of TDI in the structures of PSAA-g-PEG1000(1:1), PSAA-g-PEG6000(1:1), and PSAA-g-PEG10000(1:1) polymers, respectively, while the bands at 3019.9, 3023.8, and 3046.8 cm −1 were due to N-H groups of the polymers, respectively.…”