Micobiota do solo de uma área de duna na Restinga da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Abstract

RESUMOEste trabalho avaliou a micobiota do solo de uma duna nos terços inferior, médio e superior de encosta, localizada na Restinga da Marambaia, RJ. A área de estudo com aproximadamente 500 m 2 está dividida em três terços, com a vegetação variando de arbustiva a arbórea. Foi delimitada uma gleba de dimensões de 50 x 50 m, onde foram abertas cinco minitrincheiras até a profundidade de 10 cm para coleta, sendo coletadas três amostras compostas formadas a partir da reunião de cinco amostras simples para análise do solo e caracterização da micobiota. A fertilidade do solo indicou que o terço inferior apresentou maiores teores de alumínio e menores de nutrientes. As unidades formadoras de colônias de fungos variaram de 4,6 x 10 3 a 9 x 10 4 ufc.g -1 . Quarenta e nove fungos, num total de 85 isolados, pertencentes a 13 gêneros e 32 espécies foram identificados. Os gêneros mais frequentes foram Penicillium, Aspergillus e Trichoderma. A maior riqueza ocorreu no terço médio, porém uma espécie (Trichoderma pseudokoningi) foi comum entre as áreas. Este trabalho sugere que a Restinga da Marambaia apresenta grande diversidade fúngica.Palavras-chave: restinga, micobiota, solo. Soil Mycobiota in a Dune Area in the Municipality of Restinga da Marambaia, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ABSTRACTThis study was carried out in order to evaluate soil mycobiota in different soil positions (shoulder, back slope, foot slope) in a dune, located in Restinga da Marambaia, RJ. The studied area of approximately 500 m 2 was divided in three parts with vegetation ranging from the shrubs to trees. It was a 50 x 50 m enclosed plot where five 10 cm-deep mini trenches were opened for soil collection. Three composite samples formed by the gathering of five single samples were collected for analysis and characterization of the soil mycobiota. The highest aluminum content and the lowest nutrient content were observed in the foot slope position. The colony unit formation varied from 4.6 x 103 to 9.0 x 104 cuf.g -1 . 49 fungi -in a total of 85 isolated, belonging to 13 genders and 32 species -were found. Penicillium, Aspergillus and Trichoderma were the most frequent genders. The highest richness value was observed in the back slope position. Trichoderma pseudokoningi was the most common species found in the areas. This study implies that Restinga da Marambaia presents a great fungal diversity.

Penicillium and Talaromyces Communities of Sugarcane Soils (Saccharum officinarum L.): Ecological and Phylogenetic Aspects

“…arenicola, P. corylophilum, P. decumbens, P. echinulatum, P. javanicum, P. miczynskii, P. paxilli, P. purpurogenum, P. sclerotiorum, and P. simplicissimum were identified. According to the authors, two species belonging to this genus could not be identified based on morphology (Fraga et al, 2010b). In the present study, in contrast to the work of Fraga et al (2010b), only Penicillium javanicum and P. paxilli were isolated from sugarcane-cultivated soils.…”

Litter Dynamics in a Forest Dune at Restinga da Marambaia, RJ, Brazil

“…The soil belongs to the Quartzipsamment order (Menezes et al, 2005). Soil fertility increases in the upper third of the dune, in comparison to the lower third, which presents the highest aluminum content and lowest nutrient content (Fraga et al, 2010). Regarding the topsoil chemical attributes (0-0.10 cm) in the upper third of the dune, Fraga et al (2010) obtained the following results: K + : 29.67 mg kg -1 ; Ca 2+ : 3.27 cmol c kg -1 ; Mg 2+ : 1.62 cmol c kg -1 ; Na + : 0.14 cmol c kg -1 .…”

“…This forest grows on the top of a single dune with about 30 m height, covering about 527 ha and corresponding to approximately 10.7% of the total area of Restinga da Marambaia. The vegetation profile in the dune varies from shrub, located in the lower third, to an arboreal community which predominates in the upper third (Fraga et al, 2010 (11.27) and Pseudopiptadenia contorta (10.13).…”

Diversidade de Trichocomaceae Isolada de Solo e Serrapilheira de Floresta Atlântica

“…No Brasil, são encontrados poucos estudos direcionados para espécies de Trichocomaceae em ambientes de florestas tropicais. Os relatos são citações de algumas espécies em diferentes estudos, como: ' A Ocorrência de Aspergillus e Penicillium em solo na região norte (Pará e Maranhão)' , por Batista et al (1967a, b), 'Solo de Duna no Rio de Janeiro (Fraga et al, 2010b)' e ' Ambiente de Florestamento de Pinus e Corymbia' (Fraga et al, 2010a …”