Estrutura comunitária de samambaias em mata ciliar: avaliação em gradiente de antropização

Mallmann, Ivanete Teresinha; Silva, Vinícius Leão da; Schmitt, Jairo Lizandro

doi:10.4136/ambi-agua.1717

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Elas ocupam o substrato em estágios iniciais da sucessão ecológica, tendo crescimento rápido, e são adaptadas a ambientes de alta luminosidade e grande amplitude térmica (Bonnet et al, 2011). A elevada concentração do valor de importância em poucas espécies deixa a comunidade de epífitos mais vulnerável às alterações ambientais (Mallmann et al, 2016) porque muitas espécies são pouco frequentes e apresentam baixa biomassa, podendo desaparecer mais rapidamente.…”

Section: Inventário Florístico E Estrutura Comunitáriaunclassified

Genotoxicidade do Ar Atmosférico e Epífitos Vasculares em uma Unidade de Conservação de uma Região Metropolitana no Sul do Brasil

Costa

Graeff

Marcon

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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A genotoxicidade do ar e a composição e estrutura comunitária de epífitos vasculares foram analisadas em um fragmento de mata ciliar inserido em uma unidade de conservação localizada na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, no sul do Brasil. Durante cinco eventos distribuídos ao longo de um ano, inflorescências de Tradescantia pallida var. purpurea foram expostas por 8 horas ao ar atmosférico na borda do fragmento e micronúcleos foram quantificados em células meióticas. Foram registradas frequências de 4,07 a 5,27 micronúcleos, caracterizando o ambiente como genotóxico. Foram inventariadas 35 espécies de epífitos vasculares, alocadas em 22 gêneros e seis famílias. Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, Polypodiaceae e Cactaceae foram as famílias com maior riqueza (12, nove, seis e cinco espécies, respectivamente). Microgramma vacciniifolia, Rhipsalis teres, Tillandsia aeranthos e Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia, espécies com características adaptativas a ambientes com intervenções antrópicas, concentraram mais de 50% do valor de importância epifítico total da comunidade. A riqueza de espécies foi menor quando comparada às de matas ciliares do trecho superior da bacia hidrográfica em que se encontra a unidade de conservação. A simplificação da estrutura da comunidade epifítica pode estar associada ao aumento da urbanização e da poluição atmosférica evidenciada pela genotoxicidade do ar. Atmospheric Air Genotoxicity and Vascular Epiphytes in a Conservation Unit from a Metropolitan Area in South Brazil ABSTRACTThe genotoxicity of the atmospheric air and the community structure of vascular epiphytes were analyzed in a riparian forest fragment inserted in a conservation unit located in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, South Brazil. During five events along a year, inflorescences of Tradescantia pallida var. purpurea were exposed for 8 hours to the atmospheric air at the edge of the fragment and micronuclei were quantified in meiotic cells. Frequencies from 4.07 to 5.27 micronuclei were recorded, characterizing the environment as genotoxic. Thirty-five species of vascular epiphytes were inventoried, allocated in 22 genera and six families. Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, Polypodiaceae and Cactaceae were the families with the greatest richness (12, nine, six and five species, respectively). Microgramma vacciniifolia, Rhipsalis teres, Tillandsia aeranthos and Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia, species with adaptive characteristics to environments with anthropic interventions, concentrated more than 50% of the total epiphytic importance value of the community. Species richness was lower when compared to riparian forests at the upper stretch of the hydrographic basin where the conservation unit is located. The simplification of the structure of the epiphytic community may be associated with the increase in urbanization and atmospheric pollution evidenced by the genotoxicity of the air.Keywords: conservation, floristics, forest fragmentation, genotoxic potential, urbanization.

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Section: Inventário Florístico E Estrutura Comunitáriaunclassified

Genotoxicidade do Ar Atmosférico e Epífitos Vasculares em uma Unidade de Conservação de uma Região Metropolitana no Sul do Brasil

Costa

Graeff

Marcon

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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“…De la Sota (1977) mentions that this species is present in piedmont forests in northwestern Argentina, growing on walls and humid sites. It has frequently been mentioned as a species present in riparian forests and showing tolerance to reduced environmental quality, due to human action and to the edge effects occurring in these environments (Forsthofer and Athayde-Filho, 2012;Miguez et al, 2013;Mallmann and Schmitt, 2014;Mallmann et al, 2016;Graeff et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2019). Water regime in riparian forests is associated with precipitations and seasonal changes; therefore, river flow and water availability vary throughout the year (Granados-Sánchez et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomía del esporofito de Anemia phyllitidis var. phyllitidis (Anemiaceae) de un bosque de ribera (Tucumán, Argentina)

2021

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Background and Aims: In Argentina seven species of the genus Anemia are recognized; one of them, A. phyllitidis, has two varieties. The anatomical records for A. phyllitidis var. phyllitidis are scarce and refer to the ontogeny of stomata, epidermis structure and type of petiole stele. This variety, which occurs in riparian forests, is affected by the increase of seasonal ecological pressures. There is scarce information about its sporophyte anatomy; hence, the aim of this work was to characterize it.Methods: Five specimens were collected from the margin of the El Parque stream (Tucumán-Argentina). A part was herborized and the other part was fixed in FAA. Subsequently, conventional histological techniques were used and stoma density and size of stomata and trichomes were determined. Histochemical tests were performed to detect starch (lugol) and phenolic compounds (10% ferric chloride).Key results: Anemia phyllitidis var. phyllitidis shows diarch roots and dictyostelic rhizome covered with glandular trichomes. The petiole is covered by glandular trichomes, epidermis and subepidermis composed of lignified fibers, vascular bundle with phloem surrounding xylem, two-layered pericycle surrounded by endodermis and cortical tissue with starch and phenolic compounds. Sterile pinnae have pericytic, anomocytic, and desmocytic stomata (mean size 49.8 µm × 38.7 µm); glandular trichomes; dorsoventral hypostomatic lamina, vascular bundles with pericycle and endodermis. Fertile pinnae are anatomically similar to the rachis. Silica is present in some epidermal cells of the different organs.Conclusions: The sporophyte of A. phyllitidis var. phyllitidis showed anatomical, morphological and physiological traits that reveal its adaptation to the riparian habitat where it grows. At the same time, the description of this variety is deepened and unpublished data for the genus are provided, such as the presence of stegmata in the fertile pinnae.

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“…However, the destruction, alteration and anthropogenic fragmentation in Ciliary and Gallery Forests entails an increasing state of degradation (Mallmann et al 2016;Silva et al 2017) and, in the long term, causes the extinction of arboreal species which are unique to these environments, such as R. grandis. Thus, the transfer of information necessary for the ex situ and in situ conservation of this species, besides promoting the restoration of these environments, is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-physiological classification of seeds and morphology of fruits and seedlings of Richeria grandis

et al. 2020

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The objective was to describe and characterize the fruit morphology, seeds, seedlings and germination of Richeria grandis. Mature fruits were collected from matrix trees located in gallery forests. After, morphological descriptions were performed. Biometric measurement of fruits and seeds were carried out. A total of 650 seeds were randomly separated, with 20% being used for germination and humidity testing on the same day of collection and the others stored for 5, 10, 15 and 20 days. The germination test was performed in a gerbox, conducted in a laboratory chamber of the type B.O.D (biochemical oxygen demand) with a photoperiod of 12h and a temperature of 25 ºC ± 1 ºC. Periodic observations were made to monitor the development of the seedlings until the first germinated seeds reached the full seedling stage. The fruit of R. grandis is a simple, dry, capsule type septifraga, dehiscent and schizocarpic, with average length of 16.24 mm and an average width of 8.57 mm. The seed is an ellipsoid shape, containing a sarcotesta and has an average length of 7.40 mm and an average width of 4.57 mm. R. grandis presents recalcitrant seeds, which emerge in a Phanero-epigene-foliaceous manner. The radicle breaks the integument on the second day after sowing, the collection is evidenced on the 10th day, separating the primary root from the hypocotyl. At day 16, the cotyledons expand from the forehead, positioned at a 90º angle to the hypocotyl. The protophyll and the epicotyl appear only after the 50th day, characterizing the complete seedling.

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Estrutura comunitária de samambaias em mata ciliar: avaliação em gradiente de antropização

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Genotoxicidade do Ar Atmosférico e Epífitos Vasculares em uma Unidade de Conservação de uma Região Metropolitana no Sul do Brasil

Genotoxicidade do Ar Atmosférico e Epífitos Vasculares em uma Unidade de Conservação de uma Região Metropolitana no Sul do Brasil

Anatomía del esporofito de Anemia phyllitidis var. phyllitidis (Anemiaceae) de un bosque de ribera (Tucumán, Argentina)

Morpho-physiological classification of seeds and morphology of fruits and seedlings of Richeria grandis

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