Effect of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) and soybean (Glycine max) oils in Egyptian lactating buffalo and cow diets on the milk and soft cheese quality

Abstract

Produce and compare soft cheese with potential benefits of human health from Egyptian buffalo's and cow's milk was studied. Eight Egyptian lactating buffalos and cows were fed a total mixed ration supplemented with either 0% oil (CD), 2% flaxseed oil (DFO), 2% soybean oil (DSO), or 2% of their mixture (1:1, DFSO) according to a double 4 x 4 Latin Square design. Milk yield was similar between buffalo's diets but was higher in cows fed a DFO, DSO or DFSO resulting in 11.15, 8.21% or 8.97% increases compared with the control diet, respectively. Milk composition was not significantly affected in both buffalos and cows fed diets. The DFO, DSO or DFSO displayed decreased short-chain fatty acids, especially DSO and DFSO (3.73 and 3.33%, respectively) when compared to CD for buffalo milk (6.32%). The DSO and DFSO were more effective for increasing unsaturated fatty acids followed by the DFSO in buffalo's milk fat (42.31 and 41.90 %), whereas DFO and DFSO were more effective in cow's milk fat (39.67 and 39.84%), respectively. DFO, DSO or DFSO had no significant effect on the yield, composition and sensory properties of resultant soft cheese compared to the CD for both lactating cows and buffalos. During storage, a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids enhances protein proteolysis and antioxidant activity of soft cheese during storage compared to the CD especially for soft cheese produced from buffalo's milk.

Probiotic Yoghurt Made from Milk of Ewes Fed a Diet Supplemented with Spirulina platensis or Fish Oil

“…This means that feeding on SP or FO had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the percentage of milk ingredients. Similar observations were found in milk produced from cows fed a diet supplemented with flaxseed and soybean oil (Hassan et al 2020) or Spirulina platensis microalgae (Lamminen et al 2019).…”

“…The previous finding suggests that the addition of probiotic bacteria (B. longum) or the type of animal feed (Spirulina platensis or fish oil) did not affect the yoghurt's sensory characteristics. Soft cheese prepared from the milk of nursing animals fed a diet enriched with soybean or flaxseed oils showed a similar tendency (Hassan et al 2020.). Throughout the storage period, no significant changes (P>0.05) in the sensory characteristics scores of all yoghurt samples were seen after storage until 10 days, after which a significant decrease (P<0.05) was noted.…”

“…This suggests that feeding ewes on fish oil can improve the antioxidant activity of the resulting yoghurt, especially against the ABTS• radicals (P<0.05). Such an effect has been found in soft cheese made from milk of lactating animals fed on flaxseed or soybean oils (Hassan et al 2020). Throughout the storage period, the antioxidant activity of all yoghurt samples increases at the same rate, with the difference being significant only at day 15 against ABTS• radicals.…”

“…Protein hydrolysis may be correlated to an increase in antioxidant activity during storage. A high positive correlation (r 2 = 0.75) was found between the antioxidant activity of cheese and the degree of proteolysis (Hassan et al 2020). Shazly et al (2019) reported that the high antioxidant capacity of casein is related to the degree of hydrolysis.…”

Effects of Soybean and Rice Bran Oil Supplementation on Nutrient Utilization, Lactation Performance, Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Ruminal Fermentation in Surti Goats

“…yield was due to greater energy content of the oil supplemented diets and not by a greater DMI. Various scientists found increased milk yield with vegetable oils supplementation in goat(Bernard et al 2009;Hassan et al 2020;Ibrahim et al 2020;Mele et al 2008) and sheep…”