Genetic resources for enhancing drought tolerance from a mini-core collection of spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

An enhanced level of drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum spp.) may be reached through combining agronomic and physiological traits associated with grain yield under drought conditions. We aimed to explore valuable diversity for the drought tolerance, existed in the core collection of Iranian spring bread wheat landraces. A number of 206 spring bread wheat accessions along with the check cultivar were assessed for grain yield, drought-adaptive traits, and estimated drought tolerance criteria during 2016-17 and 2017-18 growing seasons. Analysis of data using the best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) approach revealed that the genotype x environment (GE) interactions accounted for the highest variation in grain yield (36.23%) followed by 1000-kernel weight (35.39%), heading date (21.4%), days to maturity (16.38%), and plant height (5.83%). Using the hierarchical cluster analysis and developed pattern heat map based on the values for the agronomic traits and drought resistance indices, the accessions clustered into nine groups of different sets of agronomic and drought tolerance characteristics. Several accessions with high yield potential, early heading, optimal plant stature and high drought tolerance groups were identified. Three drought selection criteria of stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP) and mean productivity (MP) were more effective in identifying accessions producing higher yield under both drought and irrigated conditions. The superior accessions identified in this study may be explored further for breeding new wheat cultivars with enhanced level of drought tolerance.

Performance evaluation of advanced durum wheat genotypes under irrigated condition at Bhairahawa, Nepal

“…These correlations indicate that genotypes with more grains per spike and taller plant stature tended to produce higher grain yields in the evaluated durum wheat genotypes. The positive association between grain yield and plant height is consistent with some previous reports (Mohammadi & Golkari, 2022;Laala et al, 2021), although contrasting results have also been documented (Schulthess et al, 2017;Shyam et al, 2018), suggesting that the relationship may be influenced by environmental factors and genetic backgrounds. While grain yield exhibited non-significant positive correlations with traits such as the number of spikes per square meter (0.21), thousand kernel weight (0.19), and spike length (0.26), it showed a non-significant negative correlation with days to booting (-0.19).…”

A functionally-oriented approach to digitalization of the activities of competence centers in the field of agricultural cooperation

“…To do this, it is proposed to conduct analytical work to identify groups of agricultural producers whose objective performance indicators can lead to their unification with the support of a center of competencies. Various methods of cluster data analysis are used in various fields of scientific research -agricultural breeding [8], medicine [9], ecology [10], archeology [11], in this study, a practical implementation of the hierarchical clustering method in the software product [7] is undertaken.…”

Growth and morpho-physiological assessments of Indonesian red chili cultivars on early vegetative stage under water stress conditions: A comparison of waterlogging and drought

“…Genetic approaches are also needed to support early indication within screening research, such as the use of molecular markers as a tool to estimate the genetic diversity of plant species in the genomic era (Rini and Nuraisyah, 2021). However, screening for natural genetic variation in drought and waterlogging tolerance-related traits, including a combination of agronomic and physiological traits (Mohammadi and Golkari, 2022), root system architecture, water and N fixation efficiency, and yield performance indices, has proven valuable in identifying the best resources for genetic studies (Valliyodan et al, 2017).…”