Influence of aversive visual stimulation on attention, working memory, and anxiety in university students.

Giron, Paulo Ricardo; Almeida, Rosa M. M. de

doi:10.3922/j.psns.2010.1.014

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Most research investigating fundamental cognitive processes such as memory and executive function implicitly holds to a unitary model, treating negative affect and its effects on these cognitive processes as relatively homogenous (e.g., Giron & de Almeida, 2010; McCullough & Yonelinas, 2013). Our results, however, suggest that not all negative affect should be treated equally when investigating its effects on cognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of negative affect on cognition: Anxiety, not anger, impairs executive function.

Shields¹,

Moons²,

Tewell³

et al. 2016

Emotion

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It is often assumed that negative affect impairs the executive functions that underlie our ability to control and focus our thoughts. However, support for this claim has been mixed. Recent work has suggested that different negative affective states like anxiety and anger may reflect physiologically separable states with distinct effects on cognition. However, the effects of these two affective states on executive function have never been assessed. As such, we induced anxiety or anger in participants and examined the effects on executive function. We found that anger did not impair executive function relative to a neutral mood, whereas anxiety did. In addition, self-reports of induced anxiety, but not anger, predicted impairments in executive function. These results support functional models of affect and cognition, and highlight the need to consider differences between anxiety and anger when investigating the influence of negative affect on fundamental cognitive processes such as memory and executive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of negative affect on cognition: Anxiety, not anger, impairs executive function.

Shields¹,

Moons²,

Tewell³

et al. 2016

Emotion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…19 On the contrary, if the aversive visual stimulations are exposed, high levels of anxiety are presented and there will be a decline in working memory and attention. 20 Also, less technological advances in a rural areas, such as Internet access or ownership of computers which also provide visual stimulation would make the children in rural areas to not use visuospatial memory as often as children in the urban areas. 4 Children who have access to a computer may perform better in cognitive development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Intelligence based on Short-term Memory Test between Urban and Rural Children

Addiniya¹,

Lubis²,

Prananta³

2019

amj

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Background: Cognitive development occurs during childhood and this development is influenced by various environmental factors such as urban and rural environments which can affect child cognitive development. Short-term memory is very important as the first step in processing new information to do cognitive tasks. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term memory of children coming from an urban and rural area. Methods: A cross-sectional design was performed in this observational analytical study, conducted from September to October 2014 in Jatinangor. Students from elementary school students in an urban and rural area in Jatinangor were selected, using a stratified random sampling method. The Digit Span Forward, Backward, and Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) were used to measure short-term memory. Mann-Whitney test and independent T-test were used in this research. Results: There was no significant difference in Digit Span Forward score between urban and rural boys (p=0.564); and girls group (p=0.982). On the contrary, Digit Span Backward score among urban boys (p=0.007) and urban girls (p=0.006) was significantly higher compared to those living in the rural areas. Similarly, a significantly higher score of SDMT in the urban areas was found compared to rural for boys (p=0.011) and girls (p=0.026). Conclusions: Intelligence based on a short-term memory test, consisting of Digit Span Backward and Symbol Digit Modality Test, is higher in urban children compared to children in the rural areas.

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Effects of pleasant visual stimulation on attention, working memory, and anxiety in college students.

Gago¹,

Almeida²

2013

Psychology & Neuroscience

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Different emotional reactions can be induced by the presentation of visual stimuli with affective content. Emotional stimuli are processed and linked with cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, and anxiety, and have implications in the mental health field. Previous studies have reported that positive and negative emotions tend to change cognitive processes in individuals, ultimately resulting in better and worse performance, respectively. Many studies have emphasized the crucial role of affect in directing attention to relevant stimuli, enhancing learning and memory, facilitating decision making, selecting goals, and conflict resolution. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of pleasant visual stimuli on memory, focused attention, and anxiety and further understand the effects of emotional induction. The study investigated the effects of presenting a pleasant visual stimulus in a 1.5 min video to a sample of 145 college students on focused attention, working memory (Personnel Selection Testing, memory subtest), and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Nonsignificant differences were observed in focused attention, working memory, and anxiety state. Statistically significant differences were found in trait anxiety and the comparison between men and women with regard to memory and anxiety. The positive stimulus was not sufficient to alter cognition or emotion in our research participants.

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Influence of aversive visual stimulation on attention, working memory, and anxiety in university students.

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

The effect of negative affect on cognition: Anxiety, not anger, impairs executive function.

The effect of negative affect on cognition: Anxiety, not anger, impairs executive function.

Comparison of Intelligence based on Short-term Memory Test between Urban and Rural Children

Effects of pleasant visual stimulation on attention, working memory, and anxiety in college students.

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