Effects of varenicline on lung tissue in the animal model

Ermiş, Hilal; Parlakpınar, Hakan; Elbe, Hülya; Vardı, Nigar; Polat, Alaadin; Gülbaş, Gazi

doi:10.36416/1806-3756/e20180406

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…SODs are enzymatic antioxidants that play a role in the protection of cells against oxygen toxicity 42 . Numerous prior studies have assessed the levels of oxidants and antioxidants above-mentioned to investigate the occurrence of lung damage 43 .…”

Section: Footnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary toxicity associated with high-dose favipiravir and treatment options: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Elma,

Suleyman,

Mammadov

et al. 2024

Investigación Clínica

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Favipiravir is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor. Favipiravir is used in high doses to treat COVID-19 but has a side effect on humans at high doses. The side effects of favipiravir have been associated with oxidative stress in the literature. In this trial, we investigated the biochemical and histopathological effects of lacidip-ine, thiamine pyrophosphate (TTP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), drugs with antioxidant properties, on the lung toxicity caused by high-dose favipiravir in rats. The rats were classified into five groups: healthy (HG), favipiravir alone (Fav), lacidipine+favipiravir (LFav), TPP+favipiravir (TFav), and ATP+favipiravir (AFav). Favipiravir (800 mg/kg) was administered twice daily for seven days. Laci-dipine (4 mg/kg), TPP (20 mg/kg), and ATP (25 mg/kg) were administered once daily for seven days. Oxidant (malondialdehyde), non-enzymatic (total glutathi-one), and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and catalase) antioxidant levels were measured in the excised lung tissues. Furthermore, the tissues were histopatho-logically examined. The systemic administration of high doses of favipiravir in-creased oxidant levels and decreased antioxidant levels in the lung tissue of rats. In parallel, the histopathological examination of the lung tissue revealed the presence of severe mononuclear cell infiltrations in interstitial areas and pronounced lymphoid hyperplasia. Lacidipine exhibited superior efficacy in mit-igating oxidative stress and preventing the decline of antioxidants induced by favipiravir compared with TPP and ATP. Histopathologically, the lacidipine admin-istration significantly reduced lung oxidative damage. TTP moderately reduced severe favipiravir-associated lung injury. However, ATP was ineffective against fa-vipiravir-associated lung injury. Lacidipine offers more therapeutic benefits than TPP in treating oxidative lung injury caused by high doses of favipiravir.

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Section: Footnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary toxicity associated with high-dose favipiravir and treatment options: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Elma,

Suleyman,

Mammadov

et al. 2024

Investigación Clínica

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“…Understanding of these markers and the exhaled CO reported in this study may be a method of evaluation. Experimental studies report that varenicline itself affected oxidative stress in rats [40,41]. According to their "chronic" experiments, varenicline significantly decreased antioxidants of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase levels, and increased oxidant levels comprising malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of smoking cessation using varenicline on the serum concentrations of oxidized high-density lipoprotein: Comparison with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

et al. 2022

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Background The oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) is a possible marker for cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the effects of smoking cessation with varenicline (a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) on the levels of oxHDL in the serum of subjects compared with those of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Methods Data of 99 nicotine-dependent adult subjects who visited the smoking cessation outpatient services at International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital were reviewed. Each subject was treated with varenicline titrated up to 1.0 mg twice daily for 12 weeks. Serum levels of oxHDL and HDL-C were repeatedly measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzymatic method, respectively. Results The serum levels of oxHDL were significantly decreased from 163.2 ± 96.6 to 148.3 ± 80.7 U/mL (p = 0.034, n = 99). This effect was more prominent when the data of subjects in whom the treatment was objectively unsuccessful (exhaled carbon monoxide at 3 months ≥ 10 ppm) were omitted (from 166.6 ± 98.4 to 147.4 ± 80.6 U/mL; p = 0.0063, n = 93). In contrast, the serum levels of HDL-C were significantly increased (p = 0.0044, n = 99). There was a close relationship between the baseline levels of oxHDL and HDL-C (R = 0.45, p < 0.0001, n = 99). Changes in the levels of oxHDL were closely associated with changes in the levels of exhaled carbon monoxide in subjects in whom smoking cessation with varenicline was very effective (decrease in exhaled carbon monoxide by ≥ 15 ppm after treatment with varenicline; R = 0.42, p = 0.0052, n = 43). Conclusions Although there was a close relationship between the baseline serum concentrations of oxHDL and HDL-C, smoking cessation decreased oxHDL and increased HDL-C. This effect on oxHDL may be associated with the effectiveness of smoking cessation.

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Effects of varenicline on lung tissue in the animal model

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Pulmonary toxicity associated with high-dose favipiravir and treatment options: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Pulmonary toxicity associated with high-dose favipiravir and treatment options: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Effects of smoking cessation using varenicline on the serum concentrations of oxidized high-density lipoprotein: Comparison with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

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