Evaluation of the Amazon River Seasonal Influences on Glycerophospholipids in Wild Fish

Abstract

Glycerophospholipids (GP) are important lipids of direct relevance to health and disease, and in marine fish, they are often enriched in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) due to marine microorganisms consumption. It has been speculated that the different diets and habitats to which Amazonian fish are exposed can be ascribed to different lipid compositions, differently than those that occur in marine fish. Here, the GP in Amazonian fish is investigated to achieve nutritional value. Using mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis, we investigated the GP composition of muscles and livers from nine species of wild Amazonian fish. GP profiles mainly comprised a diversity of phosphatidylcholines and varied according to eating habits, the season of capture, and tissue metabolism. In this sense, our results may help in the future aquaculture as a potential source of lipid-based nutrient supplementation to supply food to eradicate global hunger.