Effects of Pectinase Treatment on the Optimization and Extraction of Pigments from Bacupari, Tucumã, and Peach Palm Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

This work aims to optimize the process of extracting pigments from the peel of Amazonian fruits (bacupari, peach palm, and tucumã) using the enzyme pectinase. First, pigment extraction was carried out using different solvents (ethanol and acetone 80%, ethanol and acetone 50%, and water), temperatures (44, 40, 35, and 26 °C), and wavelengths (400, 450, and 490 nm). In the second stage, the best parameters found in the first stage were applied in a statistic with a response surface varying time (60, 120, and 180 min) and enzyme concentration (40, 80, and 120 U). The best results for extraction for bacupari and peach palm were acetone at 50% and 45 °C and ethanol at 50% and 35 °C for tucumã. In the second stage, the optimum point found was 1.5 h and 100 U concentration, and 2.5 h and 90 U concentration resulted in better extractions for bacupari, peach palm, and tucumã.

Evaluation of the nutritional potential of peach palm flour and its application in crunchy snacks

“…According to this classification, the content of phenolic compounds found in peach palm flour is in the low concentration range with an average value of 51.44 mg EAG 100 g -1 . [5], evaluated the phenolic compounds in three Amazonian fruits, and for the peach fruit he found 46.96 mg of EAG 100 g -1 , also falling into the low concentration range.…”

“…The emulsifying activity and emulsion stability were determined using the methodology described by Yasumatsu et al (1972) [19] and were calculated according to Equations (4) and (5).…”

“…The presence of high levels of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties, such as phenolic compounds and carotenoids, has been frequently investigated to expand knowledge about the beneficial potential of this fruit for human health, as well as stimulating the development of functional products contributing to the valorization of peach palm in the Amazonian scenario [1,2,5].…”

Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Extraction of Carotenoids from Horticultural By-Products—A Systematic Review

“…These levels established by the authors of this work are levels based on the RSM. All studies were classified as having an acceptable level of quality criteria (≤50% "yes answers"), with four of them reaching the moderate level of quality criteria (>50 to ≤70% "yes" answers) [22][23][24][25]. No studies were cataloged as complete (Table 2 and Figure 4).…”