Occurrence of Pesticides Associated to Atmospheric Aerosols: Hazard and Cancer Risk Assessments

Yera, Aleinnys M.Barredo; Nascimento, Madson Moreira; Rocha, Gisele O. da; Andrade, Jaílson Bittencourt de; Vasconcellos, Pérola de Castro

doi:10.21577/0103-5053.20200017

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…All methods of spraying pesticides have the potential to be inefficient and cause air pollution as well as to expose the general public to pesticides [25]. The pesticide residues are volatilized, dispersed, and transported over a long distance and are therefore subjected to a process of environmental recycling between the air and the terrestrial environment [198][199][200]. Pesticide drift could account for approximately 2% to 25% of pesticide loss during drifting [201].…”

Section: Impact On Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture Development, Pesticide Application and Its Impact on the Environment

Tudi

Ruan

Wang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

861

296

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Pesticides are indispensable in agricultural production. They have been used by farmers to control weeds and insects, and their remarkable increases in agricultural products have been reported. The increase in the world’s population in the 20th century could not have been possible without a parallel increase in food production. About one-third of agricultural products are produced depending on the application of pesticides. Without the use of pesticides, there would be a 78% loss of fruit production, a 54% loss of vegetable production, and a 32% loss of cereal production. Therefore, pesticides play a critical role in reducing diseases and increasing crop yields worldwide. Thus, it is essential to discuss the agricultural development process; the historical perspective, types and specific uses of pesticides; and pesticide behavior, its contamination, and adverse effects on the natural environment. The review study indicates that agricultural development has a long history in many places around the world. The history of pesticide use can be divided into three periods of time. Pesticides are classified by different classification terms such as chemical classes, functional groups, modes of action, and toxicity. Pesticides are used to kill pests and control weeds using chemical ingredients; hence, they can also be toxic to other organisms, including birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants, as well as air, water, soil, and crops. Moreover, pesticide contamination moves away from the target plants, resulting in environmental pollution. Such chemical residues impact human health through environmental and food contamination. In addition, climate change-related factors also impact on pesticide application and result in increased pesticide usage and pesticide pollution. Therefore, this review will provide the scientific information necessary for pesticide application and management in the future.

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Section: Impact On Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture Development, Pesticide Application and Its Impact on the Environment

Tudi

Ruan

Wang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

861

296

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the pesticide application in crops by aircraft or land spraying, 30% to 50% of the applied amount can remain in the atmosphere [ 58 ]. Accordingly, in the last few years, the study of the atmospheric levels of pesticides has received more attention.…”

Section: Indirect Approaches: Environmental Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extraction process duration ranged from 4 h to 24 h. In the study carried out by Yu et al [ 62 ], while PUFs were Soxhlet extracted, GFFs were cut and extracted by SLE with an n -hexane/acetone mixture in a microwave extractor. Similarly, in the studies of Ikenaka et al [ 60 ] and Yera et al [ 58 ], the filters were cut and sonicated with solvent mixtures of ethyl acetate/acetone (9:1, v / v ) and ethyl acetate/acetonitrile (30:70, v / v ), respectively. Lastly, Zhou et al [ 59 ] developed a QuEChERS extraction to detect NEOs in PM 2.5 , using acetonitrile as the sorbent and applying a clean-up process with primary secondary amine (PSA).…”

Section: Indirect Approaches: Environmental Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 158.4 m 3 4 QuEChERS 20 mL ACN dSPE with 0.4 g PSA LC–MS/MS-QqQ: in MRM ESI + 78–97% 0.0005–0.355 ng/m 3 [ 59 ] PM 2 . 6 and PM 10 1627.2 m 3 34 SLE 500 µL ethyl acetate/ACN (30:70) - GC–MS: in SIM EI 90–144% 0.14–0.44 ng/mL [ 58 ] Dust (indoor) 10 g 26 Soxhlet DCM; purified in a silica–alumina column - GC–MS-QqQ: in SIM EI 88–110% 1.31–7.30 pg/g [ 43 ] Dust (indoor) 20 g 24 Soxhlet 300 mL DCM; purified in a silica–alumina column - GC–MS-QqQ: in SIM EI 88–110% 1.31–7.30 pg/g [ 44 ] Dust (road) 2 g …”

Section: Indirect Approaches: Environmental Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Occupational Exposure to Pesticides: Experimental Approaches and Analytical Techniques (from 2019)

2021

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Background: Pesticide residues are a threat to the health of the global population, not only to farmers, applicators, and other pesticide professionals. Humans are exposed through various routes such as food, skin, and inhalation. This study summarizes the different methods to assess and/or estimate human exposure to pesticide residues of the global population. Methods: A systematic search was carried out on Scopus and web of science databases of studies on human exposure to pesticide residues since 2019. Results: The methods to estimate human health risk can be categorized as direct (determining the exposure through specific biomarkers in human matrices) or indirect (determining the levels in the environment and food and estimating the occurrence). The role that analytical techniques play was analyzed. In both cases, the application of generic solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up, followed by liquid or gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, is decisive. Advances within the analytical techniques have played an unquestionable role. Conclusions: All these studies have contributed to an important advance in the knowledge of analytical techniques for the detection of pesticide levels and the subsequent assessment of nonoccupational human exposure.

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“…A large number of pesticides are adsorbed on the surface of atmospheric aerosols due to their semivolatility 8 and oxidized in the atmosphere by the common oxidantozone. 9 The primary oxidation products of pesticides will react with NO x , H 2 O, CO x , and SO x , which will generate byproducts that are more hazardous than the parent pesticides. 10 To figure out the environmental and health impacts of pesticides, the atmospheric fate of pesticides should be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozonolysis of Permethrin in the Atmosphere: Mechanism, Kinetics, and Evaluation of Toxicity

Huo

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. A

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Pyrethroid, a pesticide widely used worldwide, could mimic, block, or synergize the effects of endogenous hormones in humans or mammals after entering into the atmosphere and after being sprayed and applied in large quantities. This research aims to study the mechanism, kinetics, and eco-toxicity evaluation of the ozonolysis of permethrin (PER)one of the typical pyrethroid (type I) pesticides. Existing experimental studies only predicted that ozonolysis of PER could generate a cycloperoxy analogue of PER (IM13-1-11), and the reaction mechanism has not yet been completed. To make up for the lack of experimental results, the 13 primary reaction pathways of PER and ozone, as well as the subsequent reactions of Criegee intermediates with small molecules such as NO x , CO x , SO2, and O2, have been studied to propose new reaction paths by quantum chemical calculations in this work. We calculated the total reaction rate constant of PER and ozone at 298 K and 1 atm based on the calculated thermodynamic data and the transition state theory (TST), which was compared with the experimental values to prove the reliability of our results. Based on the quantitative structure and activity relationship, we predicted the acute and chronic toxicity of PER and its products of ozonolysis to three representative organismsfish, daphnia, and green algae to avoid animal experiments. The results show that ozonolysis products of PER are still extremely harmful to the environment and should be taken seriously, although the products have less toxicity than PER.

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Occurrence of Pesticides Associated to Atmospheric Aerosols: Hazard and Cancer Risk Assessments

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Agriculture Development, Pesticide Application and Its Impact on the Environment

Agriculture Development, Pesticide Application and Its Impact on the Environment

Non-Occupational Exposure to Pesticides: Experimental Approaches and Analytical Techniques (from 2019)

Ozonolysis of Permethrin in the Atmosphere: Mechanism, Kinetics, and Evaluation of Toxicity

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