Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in the Southeastern Brazilian Ceramic Pole by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence Technique (SR-XRF)

Dourado, Thiago A.; Gemeiner, Hendryk; Gomes, Ana Carla Fernandes; Almeida, Eduardo de; Silva, Adivania C. da; Valadão, Nayara; Menegário, Amauri Antônio; Govone, José Sílvio; Gastmans, Didier

doi:10.21577/0103-5053.20200006

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The quantitative XRF output is obtained in elemental concentrations in ng/m 3 by calculating the sensitivity factor for each element using standard reference materials, mass concentration in mass/area (also known as elemental thickness) from the XRF measurements, analyzed filter area, and sampling volume rate [110,118,120,121,163,[186][187][188][189][190][191] Uncertainties in the XRF measurements generally lie within the 5-15% range for most elements except for those with small atomic masses [120] or with low concentrations near instrument DLs [116]. Low-Z elements are also prone to cause X-ray self-attenuation and might require correction factors during quantification [116,186,190].…”

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of XRF have been applied to the chemical characterization of PM. The most widely employed type of XRF is an ED-XRF [115,116,118,120,127,186,188,[193][194][195], followed by WD-XRF [119,187,196] (and SR-XRF [121,191]. While these types share the typical assets of XRF, SR-XRF is evidently more sensitive than other traditional XRF techniques enabling a trace elemental analysis [121,197].…”

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most widely employed type of XRF is an ED-XRF [115,116,118,120,127,186,188,[193][194][195], followed by WD-XRF [119,187,196] (and SR-XRF [121,191]. While these types share the typical assets of XRF, SR-XRF is evidently more sensitive than other traditional XRF techniques enabling a trace elemental analysis [121,197]. In the ED-XRF analysis, one of the major concerns is the sample amount rendering it less suitable for time-resolved or size-segregated measurements but possible for the samples collected by a multi-staged impactor with a proper setup [117].…”

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One advantage of XRF is little to no sample preparation allowing for an analysis of atmospheric particulates at their unmodified state, avoiding dilution of already low amounts of trace elements and simplifying procedures [26,119,121]. Generally, Teflon and PC filters are the recommended substrates for an XRF analysis [96,198], and Teflon filters, in particular, are the filters of choice in the official SOPs [199,200].…”

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical Methods for Physicochemical Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Atmospheric Particulate Matter: A Review

et al. 2022

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Particle-bound pollutants are a critical risk factor for human respiratory/cardiovascular conditions. A comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of PM is often challenging since it requires combining different practical methods with a good understanding the of characterization outputs. The present review aims to (1) provide a comprehensive assessment of the underlying mechanisms of PM cytotoxicity and the related biological response; (2) evaluate the selected methods for PM characterization in terms of outputs, technical aspects, challenges, and sample preparation; (3) present effective means of studying PM physicochemical toxicity and composition; and (4) provide recommendations for enhancing the human health risk assessment. The cellular response to potentially toxic elements in PM is complex to understand as exposure includes systemic inflammation, increased ROS accumulation, and oxidative stress. A comprehensive toxicity assessment requires blending morphological features and chemical composition data. For the morphological/chemical characterization, we recommend first using SEM-EDS as a practical method for the single-particle analysis. Then, the bulk chemistry of PM can be further studied using either a dry analysis (e.g., XRF) or wet analysis techniques (e.g., ICP and IC). Finally, when used on a need basis, the reviewed complementary laboratory methods may further add valuable information to the characterization. The accuracy of the human health risk assessment may be improved using bioaccessible/soluble fractions of the contaminants instead of the total contaminant concentration. Having an integrated understanding of the covered analytical methods along with the health risk assessment guidelines would contribute to research on atmospheric chemistry, molecular biology, and public health while helping researchers better characterize human exposure to PM and the associated adverse health effects.

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Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xrfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical Methods for Physicochemical Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Atmospheric Particulate Matter: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Generally, the aerosol in urban areas was made from a mixture of primary particles emitted from several sources, which could be anthropogenic and/or natural. The major elements in the aerosol may result from crustal origin from re-suspended dust [15,16] or from industrial activities [17,18]; for example fuel oil, cement and ceramic industries [19,20], coal combustion processes [21], products of refuse incineration [22,23], or traffic pollutants from vehicle exhausts [24,25], motor oil [26], tire and brake abrasion [27], or wood burning processes for domestic and commercial purposes [28,29]. Knowing the chemical composition of the analyzed particles could allow to recognize the sources of the pollutants and to implement mitigation plans in the areas most subject to pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization of Particulate Matter in the Renaissance City of Ferrara

2021

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Atmospheric aerosols are today a key issue in air pollution, mostly related to public health. Two test areas in Ferrara, one in the city center (urban location) and one in the industrial area (industrial location), were studied in June–July 2016 using the SEM technique to identify the environmental impact of some potential pollutant sources. Collection was performed using adhesive tapes applied on the surface of road signs, which allows to select particulate matter moving on air with diffusion movement and to exclude the particles usually deposed by the gravitational process. Dimensional characterization has shown that, usually, smaller particles tend to aggregate themselves in bigger polycrystalline particles with the geometric diameter of up to 10 μm. Micro-analytical data have revealed a wide heterogeneous range of compositions: more abundant silicate followed by carbonate, chlorine, sulphate, carbon, and organic. This preliminary study has highlighted that the Renaissance city of Ferrara is affected by an environmental problem linked to the presence of particulate matter induced by industrial activities, as is the case with some of the most polluted cities in the world. The observations and analytical data pointed out the need for further investigation to better define the features of the fine particulate matter. This will be useful to preserve the cultural heritage of this Medieval-Renaissance city.

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Systematic Search Using the Proknow-C Method for the Characterization of Atmospheric Particulate Matter Using the Materials Science Techniques XRD, FTIR, XRF, and Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2023

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Particulate matter (PM), particle pollution that can travel long distances, is a big concern because it contains liquid droplets or microscopic solids resulting in significant health issues such as respirational and cancer problems. Therefore, the characterization of these particles is very significant as a hazard to public health. PM can be identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy (RS), both powerful and non-destructive technologies. RS, in particular, allows the identification of black carbon, considered one of the pollutants with the greatest influence on climate change. Another important technology for the evaluation of inorganic and organic functional groups present in PM compounds is the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray fluorescence (XRF) provides elemental analysis, revealing, in many cases, the original source of the sample. In order to understand the current state of the art, the Proknow-C method was applied to track the most recent information on PM characterization. Aspects such as sample collection, filter material, characterization parameters, PM components, and the advantages and limitations of each technique are discussed. PM minerals are found to be composed of silicates, oxides, sulfates, and carbonates. The elemental components of PM are classified into five categories: marine aerosol, mineral material, anthropogenic elements, organic carbon, and elemental carbon. The XRD technique is a powerful, fast, and non-destructive tool to identify various minerals present in PM. On the other hand, the XRF technique requires minimal sample treatment, but its sensitivity is limited for the determination of trace metals and some relevant environmental elements. FTIR spectroscopy is able to identify and quantify all organic functional groups present in atmospheric PM. Despite its advantages, a proper choice of calibration method is crucial to ensure its effectiveness. RS is fast and simple, although it only detects Raman-active functional groups. These are some of the advantages and limitations of these techniques addressed in the following review article.

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Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in the Southeastern Brazilian Ceramic Pole by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence Technique (SR-XRF)

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Analytical Methods for Physicochemical Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Atmospheric Particulate Matter: A Review

Analytical Methods for Physicochemical Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Atmospheric Particulate Matter: A Review

Chemical Characterization of Particulate Matter in the Renaissance City of Ferrara

Systematic Search Using the Proknow-C Method for the Characterization of Atmospheric Particulate Matter Using the Materials Science Techniques XRD, FTIR, XRF, and Raman Spectroscopy

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