Black Carbon Associated to PM1.0 and PM2.5: Mass Variation due to Combustion of Biodiesel/Diesel Blends (B5, B6, B7 and B8)

Abstract

The present study aims to quantify black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM 1.0 and PM 2.5 , particles with diameter ≤ 1.0 and 2.5 µm, respectively) levels and their variability during the combustion of biodiesel/diesel blends used in heavy-duty vehicles. The samplings were conducted in the years 2014, 2016 and 2017 inside a semi closed bus station, a direct source of emission from engines burning blends of B5 to B8 biodiesel/diesel. Diesel engines using B5 and B6 presented a high contribution of BC in PM 1.0 fraction representing 95 and 98% in mass, respectively. Results obtained from engines fueled with B7 and B8 diesel blends showed about 47% BC mass contribution in fine PM. The ratio PM 1.0 /PM 2.5 remained relatively constant showing that the fine PM mass did not change significantly. Those measurements are important to follow the behavior of the addition of biodiesel in the diesel fuel as well as to help indicate a fingerprint of BC and PM 2.5 concentrations in biodiesel increase.

Public health implications of particulate matter inside bus terminals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

“…However, the average BC concentration at the MASP terminals was 1.6 times lower than the average of those reported for the bus terminals in the mid-size city of Londrina (Silva Junior, Lemos, Pinto, Amador, and Solci, 2018;Targino, Rodrigues, Krecl, Cipoli, and Ribeiro, 2018). In Londrina, the average BC concentrations were approximately 6.9 times higher at the bus terminals than at the background sites.…”

“…Brazil also provides a unique example of the long-term use of a biodiesel-diesel blend containing a significant percentage of biodiesel (Nogueira, Cordeiro, Muñoz, Fornaro, Miguel, et al, 2015). Another study carried out at a bus terminal in Londrina showed that the BC contribution to the fine fraction decreased from 79% when buses ran on a biodiesel-diesel blend containing 5% biodiesel to 47% when they ran on one containing 8% biodiesel (Silva Junior, Lemos, Pinto, Amador, and Solci, 2018). Targino et al (2018) evaluated exposure to BC among individuals commuting by bus, by bicycle or on foot in Londrina.…”

Variabilidade Temporal De Black Carbon No Material Particulado Fino Atmosférico Em Centro Urbano.

“…Os equipamentos foram montados nas janelas internas da sala voltados à área de embarque e desembarque de passageiros a uma altura de aproximadamente 3 m. As amostras dos dois trabalhos foram coletadas durante 14h por dia, das 10h às 24h, incluindo o período de menor circulação de ônibus. A frota de ônibus não foi alterada entre os anos de 2014 e 2017 (Silva Júnior et al 2019). Em 2020, foram realizadas amostragens no período de 2 a 25 de abril intervalo de tempo referente à restrição de circulação em Londrina com o intuito de diminuir a proliferação do vírus SARS-COV-2.…”

Review of black carbon emission factors from different anthropogenic sources

“…While the laboratory studies have typically produced detailed source-specific emission information and EFs (e.g. Giechaskiel et al 2010, Karavalakis et al 2014, Timonen et al 2017, da Silva et al 2018, Aakko-Saksa et al 2021, the field studies have included measurements using portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) (e.g. Zheng et al 2015Zheng et al , 2021, mobile measurements (e.g.…”