Synthesis and Phytotoxic Profile of a New Tetraoxane Designed From a Commercial Auxin

Abstract

Modern agriculture relies on the massive use of agrochemicals, including herbicides. Despite their effectiveness, a continuous use of herbicides sharing the same target has resulted in the selection of weed biotypes resistant to such chemicals. To cope with this problem, the development of new herbicides is an urgent requirement. In this work we applied the Active compound Derivatization Method (ADM) strategy to develop a new tetraoxane (5), derived from the synthetic auxin 2-(naphtalen-1-yl)acetic acid (NAA). Greenhouse bioassays showed that 5 caused chlorosis, necrosis and leaf epinasty in Cucumis sativa. Furthermore, this compound, at the concentration of 1.25 x 10 -5 mol L -1 , inhibited the growth of important weeds such as Bidens pilosa, Iponomea acuminate, Solanum americanum and Althernantera ficoidea. For some weeds, the compound effect was higher or comparable to those caused by commercial glyphosate and imazethapyr. In addition, degradation studies revealed that 5 is transformed into NAA. The results also showed that 5 could act as photosynthesis inhibitor and as an auxin herbicide. In summary, we have discovered a new compound that may be a useful lead for the development of a commercial herbicide.

Selective Phytotoxic Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from Sonchus arvensis as a Preliminary Approach for the Biocontrol of Two Problematic Weeds of Wheat

“…42 Besides, tetraoxane and 1,1-dihydroperoxyciclohexane with peroxide groups showed higher phytotoxic activity than their analogues without peroxide groups. 43 Given that compound 1 with a peroxide group exhibited stronger inhibitory potent than compound 6 without this group, we speculate that the higher phytotoxic effect caused of compound 1 might be structurally related to the peroxide group in its structure. Our findings, together with those reported in previous literature, suggest that peroxide group is an important active group in terms of phytotoxic activity.…”

“…The presence of peroxide bond in artemisinin can lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species that are toxic to plants . Besides, tetraoxane and 1,1-dihydroperoxyciclohexane with peroxide groups showed higher phytotoxic activity than their analogues without peroxide groups . Given that compound 1 with a peroxide group exhibited stronger inhibitory potent than compound 6 without this group, we speculate that the higher phytotoxic effect caused of compound 1 might be structurally related to the peroxide group in its structure.…”