“…Among these, electrochemical techniques appear to be more suitable due to their fast response, low cost, high selectivity, and sensitivity [7,[17][18][19][20]. Electrochemical detection relies on electrode supporting materials, such as glassy carbon (GC), which is extensively used due to its ability to adsorb carbonaceous materials like graphene oxide [20], multi-walled carbon nanotubes [18,22], and hierarchical porous carbon [19,20]. GC electrodes can also be modified with aromatic molecules like quinones, conferring them an enhanced response and in situ stability, making them attractive devices for water pollution detection [23,24].…”