Morphological Changes in Endothelial Cell Organelles in a No-Touch Saphenous Vein Graft

Sugaya, Akira; Ohno, Nobuhiko; Yashiro, Takashi; Kawahito, Koji

doi:10.21470/1678-9741-2022-0111

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…ECs of veins can be classified as an intermediate form [ 108 ]. Indeed, in ECs from the saphenous vein, caveolae are visible but their numerical density is significantly lower than in arterial ECs (Figure 3A,B presented by Sugaya et al [ 186 ]).…”

Section: Classification Of Ecsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Intracellular Membrane Transport in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Mirоnоv

Mironov

Sanavio

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The main component of blood and lymphatic vessels is the endothelium covering their luminal surface. It plays a significant role in many cardiovascular diseases. Tremendous progress has been made in deciphering of molecular mechanisms involved into intracellular transport. However, molecular machines are mostly characterized in vitro. It is important to adapt this knowledge to the situation existing in tissues and organs. Moreover, contradictions have accumulated within the field related to the function of endothelial cells (ECs) and their trans-endothelial pathways. This has induced necessity for the re-evaluation of several mechanisms related to the function of vascular ECs and intracellular transport and transcytosis there. Here, we analyze available data related to intracellular transport within ECs and re-examine several hypotheses about the role of different mechanisms in transcytosis across ECs. We propose a new classification of vascular endothelium and hypotheses related to the functional role of caveolae and mechanisms of lipid transport through ECs.

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Section: Classification Of Ecsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Intracellular Membrane Transport in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Mirоnоv

Mironov

Sanavio

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…More TEM details concerning structural features of SV harvested for CABG can be found in earlier publications describing vasa vasorum endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and perivascular autonomic nerves [ 9 ] . Most recently, TEM features of endothelial cells of NT-SV have been highlighted in the context of cell preservation in relation to the graft patency [ 12 ] . Some TEM data on pericytes in vasa vasorum of SV harvested for CABG are presented below.…”

Section: General Facts About Vasa Vasorum In Saphenous Veinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasa Vasorum in Saphenous Vein for CABG: A Review of Morphological Characteristics

Loesch

2023

Braz J Cardiovasc Surg

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This short article discusses selected scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope features of vasa vasorum including pericytes and basement membrane of the human saphenous vein (SV) harvested with either conventional (CON) or no-touch (NT) technique for coronary artery bypass grafting. Scanning electron microscope data shows the general damage to vasa vasorum of CON-SV, while the transmission electron microscope data presents ultrastructural features of the vasa in more detail. Hence there are some features suggesting pericyte involvement in the contraction of vasa blood vessels, particularly in CON-SV. Other features associated with the vasa vasorum of both CON-SV and NT-SV preparations include thickened and/or multiplied layers of the basement membrane. In some cases, multiple layers of basement membrane embrace both pericyte and vasa microvessel making an impression of a “unit” made by basement membrane-pericyte-endothelium/microvessel. It can be speculated that this structural arrangement has an effect on the contractile and/or relaxing properties of the vessels involved. Endothelial colocalization of immunoreactive inducible nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 can be observed (with laser confocal microscope) in some of the vasa microvessels. It can be speculated that this phenomenon, particularly of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, might be related to structurally changed vasa vessels, e.g., with expanded basement membrane. Fine physiological relationships between vasa vasorum endothelium, basement membrane, pericyte, and perivascular nerves have yet to be uncovered in the detail needed for better understanding of the cells’specific effects in SV preparations for coronary artery bypass grafting.

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“…Before grafting, saphenous veins are harvested, prepared, and stored outside of the body using various solutions. During this time, nutrient deprivation can lead to EC dysfunction and loss [19‒22]. As outlined above, the various downstream risks of SVG thrombosis, neointima formation, and atherosclerosis are rooted in this EC injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preserving Endothelial Integrity in Human Saphenous Veins during Preparation for Coronary Bypass Surgery

Sedovy,

Leng,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

J Vasc Res

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Introduction: While multiple factors influence coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) success rates, preserving saphenous vein endothelium during surgery may improve patency. Standard preparations include saphenous vein preparation in heparinized saline (saline) which can result in endothelial loss and damage. Here, we investigated the impact of preparing saphenous graft vessels in heparinized patient blood (blood) versus saline. Methods: Saphenous vein tissues from a total of 23 patients undergoing CABG were split into 2 groups (1) saline and (2) heparinized patient blood. Excess tissue was fixed for analysis immediately following surgery. Level of endothelial coverage, oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), and oxidative stress protective marker nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) were evaluated. Results: In saline patient veins, histological analysis revealed a limited luminal layer, suggesting a loss of endothelial cells (ECs). Immunofluorescent staining of EC markers vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and endothelial nitric oxide identified a significant improvement in EC coverage in the blood versus saline groups. Although both treatment groups expressed 4HNE to similar levels, EC blood samples expressed higher levels of NRF2. Conclusion: Our data indicate that use of heparinized patient blood helps preserve the endothelium and promotes vein graft health. This has the potential to improve long-term outcomes in patients.

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Morphological Changes in Endothelial Cell Organelles in a No-Touch Saphenous Vein Graft

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Intracellular Membrane Transport in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Intracellular Membrane Transport in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Vasa Vasorum in Saphenous Vein for CABG: A Review of Morphological Characteristics

Preserving Endothelial Integrity in Human Saphenous Veins during Preparation for Coronary Bypass Surgery

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