The Importance of the Proper Definition of Adulthood: What is and What is Not Included in a Scientific Publication

Canêo, Luiz Fernando; Neirotti, Rodolfo A.

doi:10.21470/1678-9741-2016-0049

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an adult is a person older than 19 years of age unless national law delimits an earlier age Canêo and Neirotti (2017). A study done in the USA shows, the reason for the assault being unknown increased with the advancing age of the victim Loder et al (2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Assault Cases Admitted to Colombo South Teaching Hospital-Sri Lanka

Hulathduwa

Bandara

2021

Int. J. Res. Granthaalayah

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Assault cases are commonly encountered in the day to day life of a Judicial Medical Officer or an Accident Service Surgeon. Most of the admissions to the Accident Service Unit of any major hospital in almost anywhere in the world are due to accidents and assaults. Accidents are preventable disasters and there are major organizations whose main role is to draw strategies and plans to prevent accidents. On the other hand, assaults are always man-made and the underlying factors are very different from those of accidents. Assaults are a serious health and economic burden in a country. Additionally, there are socio-economic, religious, ethnic, cultural and legal issues intermingled with the broad picture of ‘assaults’. Very few studies have been done in depth about assaults in the recent past which cover the multiple aspect of the issue. Even the conclusions drawn from the most extensive study on this subject may become obsolete and dilapidated after few years, as the patterns of wounding and the methods and trends are changing constantly across the globe. This justifies the necessity of continuous research by different authorities to this ever-changing subject. This study discusses certain demographic characters of victims, assailants, contributory factors and legal implications of assaults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Assault Cases Admitted to Colombo South Teaching Hospital-Sri Lanka

Hulathduwa

Bandara

2021

Int. J. Res. Granthaalayah

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“…Relevant studies were required to include the following: (1) Human adults (ie, a person older than 19 years of age)25 (2) cIMT and/or carotid artery plaque measured using ultrasound and (3) MMSE as a global cognitive function test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is carotid artery atherosclerosis associated with poor cognitive function assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination? A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo determine associations between carotid atherosclerosis assessed by ultrasound and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a measure of global cognitive function.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched up to 1 May 2020 to identify studies assessed the associations between asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis and the MMSE. Studies reporting OR for associations between carotid plaque or intima-media thickness (cIMT) and dichotomised MMSE were meta-analysed. Publication bias of included studies was assessed.ResultsA total of 31 of 378 reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria; together they included 27 738 participants (age 35–95 years). Fifteen studies reported some evidence of a positive association between measures of atherosclerosis and poorer cognitive performance in either cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. The remaining 16 studies found no evidence of an association. Seven cross-sectional studies provided data suitable for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of three studies that assessed carotid plaque (n=3549) showed an association between the presence of plaque and impaired MMSE with pooled estimate for the OR (95% CI) being 2.72 (0.85 to 4.59). An association between cIMT and impaired MMSE was reported in six studies (n=4443) with a pooled estimate for the OR (95% CI) being 1.13 (1.04 to 1.22). Heterogeneity across studies was moderate to small (carotid plaque with MMSE, I2=40.9%; cIMT with MMSE, I2=4.9%). There was evidence of publication bias for carotid plaque studies (p=0.02), but not cIMT studies (p=0.2).ConclusionsThere is some, limited cross-sectional evidence indicating an association between cIMT and poorer global cognitive function assessed with MMSE. Estimates of the association between plaques and poor cognition are too imprecise to draw firm conclusions and evidence from studies of longitudinal associations between carotid atherosclerosis and MMSE is limited.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021240077.

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“…(1) Population: 0–19 years old (the age range exposed to polyvictimization); (2) Intervention: not applicable (included studies were observational or retrospective); (3) Comparison group: those who have not experienced polyvictimization (e.g., those who experienced only one single-type victimization or no victimization experience in childhood); (4) Outcome: health outcomes. The age 19 was used following the definition by WHO and similar sources (Canêo & Neirotti, 2017; UNICEF, n.d.; WHO, n.d.). A number of childhood polyvictimization studies included age 18 (e.g., Butcher et al, 2016; Davis et al, 2020; Jativa & Angeles Cerezo, 2014; Kirchner et al, 2020; Kretschmar et al, 2017; Le et al, 2018; Sabri et al, 2012; Soler et al, 2013) and age 19 (Carbonaro, 2019; Juan et al, 2019; Kamndaya et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Polyvictimization and Associated Health Outcomes: A Systematic Scoping Review

Lee

Pigott

Watson

et al. 2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Background: Polyvictimization, the experience of multiple types of victimization, are associated with detrimental health outcomes. Despite extensive research on the health consequences of polyvictimization, one challenge in understanding this literature lies in the varied operationalized definitions of polyvictimization and health outcomes. This scoping review provides the volume of the current literature on this topic, documents the varied constructs of polyvictimization and associated health outcomes, identifies knowledge gaps, and guides future research directions. Method: A systematic search of English-language original articles that presented quantitative associations of childhood polyvictimization and health outcomes was performed through six-database searches, a gray literature search, and citation mining from June 2020 to January 2021. The varied constructs of polyvictimization, health outcomes, and other study characteristics were extracted. Results: A total of 96 studies were included. Two ways of creating continuous variables (30.21%) and four ways of constructing categorical variables (72.92%) were identified for operationalizing polyvictimization. The majority of health outcomes were mental, behavioral, or social (96.88%), while slightly more than 10% of studies examined physical health (11.46%) or general health conditions (10.42%), respectively. More than half of studies used U.S. samples (56.25%). Conclusions: The varied constructs of polyvictimization suggests that there is a need to establish a valid polyvictimization construct that is consistently agreed upon in the research community. Findings summarize the specific health outcomes that can be targeted for further investigation and prevention efforts. Findings also suggest that the study of resilience and coping education for childhood polyvictims is sorely needed.

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The Importance of the Proper Definition of Adulthood: What is and What is Not Included in a Scientific Publication

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

A Study on Assault Cases Admitted to Colombo South Teaching Hospital-Sri Lanka

A Study on Assault Cases Admitted to Colombo South Teaching Hospital-Sri Lanka

Is carotid artery atherosclerosis associated with poor cognitive function assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Childhood Polyvictimization and Associated Health Outcomes: A Systematic Scoping Review

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