Supplemented powdered coconut water (ACP-406®) promotes growth of goat secondary follicles and oocyte meiotic resumption

Abstract

The objective of this study was to test the efficiency of powdered coconut water (ACP-406  ) base-medium without or with the addition of supplements on in vitro culture of isolated goat secondary follicles. Follicles were cultured for 18 days in α-MEM or in ACP-406  , both without supplements (referred to as α-MEM and ACP, respectively), or both supplemented with BSA, insulin, transferrin, selenium, glutamine, hypoxanthine, and ascorbic acid (referred to as α-MEM + and ACP + ). Follicular morphology, antrum formation, follicular and oocyte diameter, levels of glutathione (GSH), and chromatin configuration after in vitro maturation were evaluated. At the end of culture, ACP-406  base-medium (without or with supplements) showed a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of normal follicles than α-MEM (without or with supplements). Antrum formation was similar among α-MEM + , ACP and ACP + , and significantly higher than α-MEM without supplements. The follicular diameter was greater in ACP + than α-MEM, and similar to other treatments. Moreover, fully and daily grown rates were higher (P < 0.05) in ACP-406  base-medium (without or with supplements) than α-MEM (without or with supplements). Levels of GSH were similar between ACP + and α-MEM + treatments. Both ACP + and α-MEM + allowed meiotic resumption without a significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, supplemented ACP-406  base-medium maintained follicular survival and promoted the development as well as meiotic resumption of isolated goat secondary follicles cultured in vitro for 18 days.

Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalytic Activity Significantly Enhanced by Active [VZn+VO+] Defects in Self-Assembled ZnO Nanoparticles

“…In addition, all IR mode assignments for the various functional groups are summarized in Table . ACP is mostly composed of amino acids such as arginine, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, phenylalanine, serine, and valine, sugars (fructose and glucose), vitamins (ascorbic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid, and thiamine), lipids, and traces of electrolytes (chlorine, sulfur, potassium, boron, and phosphorus). − In the spectrum of the ACP sample (Figure a), bands at 2947.15, 2918.21, and 2873.85 cm –1 could be assigned to the CH 3 symmetric stretching of a lipid or protein, , CH 2 asymmetric stretching of a lipid or protein, and a C–H stretching methyl group vibration, respectively. A distinct vibration at 2839.13 cm –1 is consistent with O–H stretching in a carboxylic acid, and characteristic modes at 2720.51 and 1733.96 cm –1 are likely assignable to C–H and CO stretching in aldehydes, respectively.…”