Estimated average blood glucose level based on fructosamine level

Abstract

Objective: To define the mathematical relationship between fructosamine levels and average glucose values. Subjects and methods: The study comprised laboratory data of 1,227 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. Fructosamine levels measured at the end of a 3-week period were compared against the average blood glucose levels of the previous 3 weeks. Average glucose levels were determined by the weighted average of the daily fasting capillary glucose results performed during the study period, and the plasma glucose measured in the same sample collected for fructosamine measurement. Results: In total, 9,450 glucose measurements were performed. Linear regression analysis between fructosamine levels and average glucose levels showed that for each 1.0 µmol/L increase in fructosamine level there was a 0.5 mg/dL increase in average glucose level, as estimated by the equation Mean glucose level = (0.5157 x Fructosamine) -20. The coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.353492, p < 0.006881) allowed the calculation of the estimated average glucose based on fructosamine level. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a linear correlation between fructosamine level and mean blood glucose level, suggesting that fructosamine levels can be a proxy for the average glucose level in assessing the metabolic control of patients with diabetes.

Individualized Glycemic Index: A New Approach to Personalized Glycemic Control

“…Fructosamine, a non-enzymatic glycation product of serum proteins, has emerged as a promising alternative marker for glycemic control in diabetes management. 20 Unlike HbA1c, fructosamine reflects glycemic control over a shorter timeframe (2-3 weeks) and exhibits less susceptibility to interindividual variability. 21 However, fructosamine has limitations, including its susceptibility to non-glycemic factors such as albumin levels and renal function, as well as its inability to capture postprandial glycemic excursions.…”

Fructosamine and Triglycerides - Developing an Index for Assessing Insulin Resistance

“…This index adopted the same formula as the TyG index, but instead of using fasting glucose, it incorporated an estimated average glucose value derived from fructosamine concentration: Ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) ((0.5157 x Fructosamine) – 20)/2]. 15…”

Serum Fructosamine as a Marker for Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy

“…Based on the correlation between these biomarkers under hyperglycemic conditions, the authors are optimistic regarding the FA applicability in the clinical practice. In a study of over 1000 DM patients Andrade et al [20] demonstrate a clear linear relationship between serum FA and the blood glucose levels. They also propose a method for calculation of the mean glucose value from that of FA.…”