2020
DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000201
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Clinical and subclinical maternal hypothyroidism and their effects on neurodevelopment, behavior and cognition

Abstract: Clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism are the most common hormonal dysfunctions during pregnancy. Insufficient maternal thyroid hormones (THs) in the early stages of pregnancy can lead to severe impairments in the development of the central nervous system because THs are critical to central nervous system development. In the fetus and after birth, THs participate in neurogenic processes, cell differentiation, neuronal activation, axonal growth, dendritic arborization, synaptogenesis and myelination. Although… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(24 citation statements)
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References 55 publications
(63 reference statements)
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“…(1,10) 4) La desyodinasa tipo 3 placentaria metaboliza la T4 circulante a triyodotironina (T3) reversa. (1,4,11) 5) El feto en desarrollo consume hormonas tiroideas maternas. (1) 6) El volumen plasmático aumenta por lo que se altera el volumen de distribución de las hormonas tiroideas.…”
Section: Fisiología De La Tiroides Maternaunclassified
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“…(1,10) 4) La desyodinasa tipo 3 placentaria metaboliza la T4 circulante a triyodotironina (T3) reversa. (1,4,11) 5) El feto en desarrollo consume hormonas tiroideas maternas. (1) 6) El volumen plasmático aumenta por lo que se altera el volumen de distribución de las hormonas tiroideas.…”
Section: Fisiología De La Tiroides Maternaunclassified
“…Esto significa que un aporte materno adecuado durante la vida intrauterina es esencial para los procesos de maduración dependientes de hormonas tiroideas. (2,4) En el sistema nervioso en formación, la desyodinasa tipo 2 convierte la T4 en T3. Esta, por medio de receptores nucleares, modifica la expresión de genes involucrados en procesos como: proliferación neuronal, mielinización, formación de sinapsis, diferenciación de la glía y migración celular.…”
Section: Fisiología De La Tiroides Fetalunclassified
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“…4,5 Recent studies have also indicated that the effects of fetal hypothyroidism on human brain development may extend beyond the psychomotor to include central regulation of metabolism in later life. 5 In mammals, thyroid hormones stimulate tissue accretion and differentiation in utero, and have a key role in maturation of tissues essential for immediate neonatal survival, such as the lungs and liver. 6 Perinatal hypothyroidism also adversely affects neuronal development of specific brain regions in newborn rodents and sheep.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%