Development and characterization of photoprotective nanoemulsions containing Babassu (Orbignya phalerata Mart.) lipophilic extract

Abstract

Oil-in-water photoprotective nanoemulsions (NEs) were developed using Babassu (BBS) lipophilic extract, nonionic surfactants, and low concentrations of organic sunscreens by ultrasonic processing. BBS extract was chosen due to its suitable physicochemical properties (acidity index, peroxide index, refraction index, and relative density) and predominance of saturated fatty acids, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which promote biological activities and high oxidative stability. NEs were characterized by mean droplet size, morphology, polydispersity index (PdI), pH, and organoleptic properties, and the physical stability of the NEs was evaluated for 120 days at room temperature. The sun protection factor (SPF) was determined, and the photostability and in vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed for NEs. All NEs remained stable for 120 days, with a droplet size <150 nm and a monomodal distribution profile. The pH values were compatible with the skin's pH. NE3 showed a spherical morphology, with a mean droplet size of 125.15 ± 0.16 nm and PdI of 0.145 ± 0.032. NE3 containing BBS extract and sunscreens presented an SPF of 35.5 ± 3.0, was photostable after 6 h of radiation and was non-cytotoxic to fibroblast cells. Thus, NE3 could be considered a promising formulation for developing synergic plant-extract sunscreen photoprotective products for the market.

Application of Nanoparticles in Human Nutrition: A Review

“…In recent years, lipid nanoemulsions have been a trend in the food industry. Nanoemulsions have demonstrated significant efficacy in enhancing the absorption, effectiveness, breakdown, durability, safety, excellence, and sensory characteristics of nutritional elements and organic extracts, particularly lipophilic bioactive compounds like vitamins and nutraceuticals [ 71 , 72 ]. Before being incorporated into food fortification, these substances are emulsified.…”

Bioactive compounds and benefits of by-products of Amazon babassu oil production: potential for dietary supplement, biomedical and food applications

“…lipophilic extract as a promising formulation for developing photoprotective products in sunscreen. 9 Despite the high potential of babassu seed oil (high valueadded fraction) as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent for pharmaceutical applications previously discussed, to the best of our knowledge, there has been little focus on its bioactive compounds and their effects on human health and diseases, considering the main mechanisms of action. Moreover, the literature has not focused on its co-products and waste (low value-added fractions) to use nanobiotechnology approaches to improve the therapeutic efficacy of its vegetable oil.…”

“…Babassu oil is extracted from seed kernels and is often used in food, cosmetics, and skin products. [8][9][10] Future market insight researchers predicted an increase in the babassu oil market from USD 227.7 million in 2022 to USD 347.0 million by 2032. 11 The babassu fruit has four parts, from the outermost to the inner (Fig.…”

“…lipophilic extract as a promising formulation for developing photoprotective products in sunscreen. 9…”

Nanocomposite Films of Babassu Coconut Mesocarp and Green ZnO Nanoparticles for Application in Antimicrobial Food Packaging

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