A stability-indicating HPLC-PDA method for the determination of ferulic acid in chitosan-coated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles

Abstract

The development and validation of a simple and efficient method for the quantification of ferulic acid in poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles coated with chitosan (CS) by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection was described. For the chromatographic analysis, a reverse phase C-18 column was used, mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.5% acetic acid (37:63, v/v), isocratically eluted at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Drug determination was performed at 320 nm. The method was validated in terms of the selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, limits of detection and quantification. The method was linear in the range of 10 to 100 μg/mL (r=0.999) and presented limit of detection and quantification of 102 ng/mL and 310 ng/mL, respectively. The method was precise (intra and inter-day) based on relative standard deviation values (less than 3.20%). The recovery was between 101.06 and 102.10%. Robustness was demonstrated considering change in mobile phase proportion. Specificity assay showed no interference from the components of nanoparticles or from the degradation products derived from acidic and oxidative conditions. The proposed method was suitable to be applied in determining the encapsulation efficiency of ferulic acid in PLGA-CS nanoparticles and can be employed as stability indicating one.Uniterms: Nanoparticles. Ferulic acid/encapsulation efficiency. Ferulic acid/quantification. Stability. High performance liquid chromatography/validation. PLGA-poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/nanoparticles. Chitosan.

Mucoadhesive chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles for oral delivery of ferulic acid

“…The percentage of encapsulation efficiency (%EE) was performed indirectly. After the nanoparticles ultracentrifugation, the supernatant containing non-entrapped FA was analysed by HPLC, according to our previously validated methodology [15], using a Waters 2695 Alliance HPLC (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA). The %EE was determined for at least three replicates, according to Equation (1).…”

A high‐performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous quantification of metformin and ferulic acid in solid dosage forms

“…The methods in the literature differ regarding the degradation of FA under different pH conditions. For example, it was indicated FA degradation in an acidic medium [13] and in a basic medium [30], but in both cases, it was not possible to visualize degradation products in the chromatograms. This can be explained by the experimental procedure adopted to carry out the degradation study.…”

“…As mentioned earlier, the methodologies for determining FA by RPLC are relatively simple [11][12][13]. In these methodologies, an expressive percentage of the organic phase is used in the mobile phase, due to the low polarity of the FA, as well as acid modifiers are used to maintain the FA in its non-ionized form.…”

“…Ferulic acid is an organic acid derived from cinnamic acid, with a nonpolar character, log P 1.67 and pKa 4.6 and 8.9 [9,10]. In the literature, methodologies for quantifying ferulic acid by LC are easily found [11][12][13]. In general, the methodologies are RP and relatively simple, consisting of the addition of acidic modifiers to the mobile phase.…”

Rapid determination of ferulic acid in three kinds of Chinese herbs by direct analysis in real‐time mass spectrometry

“…Several analytical methods have been developed for the determination of ferulic acid. With the high separation performance, chromatography was performed to analyze ferulic acid in complex matrices, such as high performance liquid chromatography , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , thin layer chromatography and micellar electrokinetic chromatography . Among them, high performance liquid chromatography was the most commonly employed method to the determination of ferulic acid, by coupling with photodiode array detector , UV – Vis detector , or tandem mass spectrometry .…”