Prevention of bone infection after open fracture using a chitosan with ciprofloxacin implant in animal model

Abstract

To evaluate different concentrations of ciprofloxacin to prevent infection after open fracture contaminated with S. aureus in rats using absorbable local delivery system. Methods: Fifty-two Wistar rats were assigned to six groups. After 4 weeks, all animals underwent 99mTc-ceftizoxima scintigraphy evaluation, callus formation measurement and histological analysis. ANOVA, t-Student and Kruskal Wallis were used for quantitative variables statistical analysis, whereas qui square and exact Fisher were used for qualitative variables. Results: Treatment using 25% and 50% of ciprofloxacin incorporated at the fracture fixation device were effective in preventing bone infection compared to control group (p<0.05). Chitosan were not effective in preventing bone infection when used alone compared to control group (p>0.05). Histological findings demonstrated bone-healing delay with 50% of ciprofloxacin. No difference in callus formation were observed (p>0.05). Conclusion: Local delivery treatment for contaminated open fracture using chitosan with ciprofloxacin is effective above 25%.

Biomaterial design strategies to address obstacles in craniomaxillofacial bone repair

“… 115 Chitosan has been most recently used in combination with antibiotics as a material for controlled release of these to the surroundings, as pure chitosan implants have demonstrated little resistance to bacteria compared to antibiotic controls. 116 However, loading these chitosan sponges with antibiotics can increase clearance of S. aureus more so than antibiotic application alone. 117 Honey in particular has been of recent focus due to its low pH and hydrogen peroxide content attributing to its antibacterial properties, and has been incorporated into hydrogels and on the surface of materials as honey-needles to kill bacteria.…”

Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Coating Materials for Orthopedic Implants: A Review

“…In addition to being modified, CS also can be combined with other bactericidal materials, such as antibiotics, nanosilver, and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), to exert the synergistic effect of two or more bactericidal substances; its mechanism is shown in Figure 4. Iovine-Kobata et al [18] combined CS with ciprofloxacin in a rat model of S. aureus infection, and concluded that the synergistic bactericidal effect was significantly stronger than the effects of the two agents individually. In a study by Shi et al [19], CS-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were shown to reduce S. aureus biofilm formation.…”