Can the strategies for endoparasite control affect the productivity of lamb production systems on pastures?

Fernandes, Maria Ângela Machado; Salgado, Jordana Andrioli; Peres, Mylena Taborda Piquera; Campos, Karla Francisca Duarte; Molento, Marcelo Beltrão; Monteiro, Alda Lúcia Gomes

doi:10.1590/rbz4820180270

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, the concentration of N in the faecal bolus of MOX-treated animals was higher than that in the faecal bolus of nontreated animals ( Table 2 ). MOX may have killed endogenous parasites in sheep, releasing their N-rich necromass together with blood cells from the mucous region of the digestive system through animal faeces [ 6 , 46 ]. Likewise, due to C limitation, soil microbial growth is also limited by N supply; for example, changes in the availability of N for microorganisms may impact the diversity of the soil microbial community [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Helminth's parasitism decreases dry matter intake, organic matter digestibility, and body weight gains of ruminant livestock, whereas the use of anthelmintics improves animal welfare and growth [ 3 , 4 ]. Although there are methods to selectively control helminths in sheep production systems, as validated by Kaplan et al [ 5 ], excessive or inadequate anthelmintic applications are often used in livestock [ 6 ], probably because of ease and trust in their efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Faeces Excreted by Moxidectin-Treated Sheep Impact Coprophagous Insects and the Activity of Soil Microbiota in Subtropical Pastures?

Gilaverte Hentz,

Reyes Reyes,

Kaschuk

et al. 2024

Scientifica

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Moxidectin (MOX) is used to control helminth parasites in ruminant livestock. It is released through feces and remains in the environment for a long period. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of faeces excreted by moxidectin-treated sheep on soil biodiversity (coprophagous insects, soil microbial biomass, and activity) to establish environment-related guidelines regarding the use of MOX in sheep livestock. The study consisted of two experiments. In the first one, faeces from MOX-treated (subcutaneous dose of 0.2 mg·kg−1 body weight) and nontreated rams were placed on an animal-free pasture field, protected or not against rain, for 88 days. Then, coprophagous insects were captured, identified, and counted, and faeces degradation was evaluated by measuring dry weight and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents over time. Diptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, and Coleoptera were equally encountered in faeces from MOX-treated and nontreated animals. Faecal boluses of MOX-treated animals (with higher N content) not protected against rain degraded faster than faecal boluses of nontreated animals (with lower N content). In the second experiment, faeces from nontreated animals were amended with increasing amounts of MOX (75 to 3,000 ng·kg−1 faeces), mixed with soil samples from animal-free pasture (1.9 to 75 ng·kg−1 soil), and incubated in a greenhouse for 28 days. Increasing concentrations of MOX did not prevent the growth of cultivable bacteria, actinobacteria, or fungi in culture media. However, even the lower MOX concentration (1.9 ng·kg−1 soil) abruptly decreased soil microbial biomass, basal respiration, and N mineralization. Thus, the results indicate that faeces excreted from sheep treated with MOX under the experimental conditions of this study are not harmful to the coprophagous insects. However, adding MOX to faeces from drug-free sheep had a negative impact on soil microbial activity and biomass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Faeces Excreted by Moxidectin-Treated Sheep Impact Coprophagous Insects and the Activity of Soil Microbiota in Subtropical Pastures?

Gilaverte Hentz,

Reyes Reyes,

Kaschuk

et al. 2024

Scientifica

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“…Moreover, the concentration of N in the faecal bolus of MOX-treated animals was higher than that in the faecal bolus of nontreated animals (Table 2). MOX may have killed endogenous parasites in sheep, releasing their N-rich necromass together with blood cells from the mucous region of the digestive system through animal faeces (Fernandes et al, 2019;Amarante and Sales, 2007). Likewise, due to C limitation, soil microbial growth is also limited by N supply; for example, changes in the availability of N for microorganisms may impact the diversity of the soil microbial community (Zhang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Degradation Of Faeces Under Eld Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are methods to selectively control helminths in sheep production systems, as validated by Kaplan et al (2004), excessive or inadequate anthelmintic applications are often used in livestock (Fernandes et al, 2019), probably because of ease and trust in their e ciency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does faeces excreted by moxidectin-treated sheep impact coprophagous insects and the activity of soil microbiota in subtropical pastures?

Hentz,

Reyes,

Kaschuk

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Moxidectin (MOX) is used to control helminth parasites in ruminant livestock being released through faeces into the environment. We aimed at evaluating the impact of MOX-contaminated sheep feces on soil coprophagous insects, microbial biomass, and activity. In a field experiment, faeces from MOX-treated rams (subcutaneous dose of 0.2 mg kg-1 body weight) and faeces from non-treated rams were placed on an animal-free pasture, protected or not from rain, for 88 days. Coprophagous insects were captured, identified, and counted, while N mineralization, and C e N contents were monitored. In a controlled experiment, faeces from non-treated animals were amended with MOX concentrations ranging from 75 to 3,000 ng MOX kg-1 faeces, mixed with soil from an animal-free pasture, and incubated for 28 days. Soil microbial biomass, respiration, and culture-microbe counting were determined. Diptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, and Coleoptera were equally found in faeces from both MOX-treated and non-treated animals. Faeces from MOX-treated animals had more N and degraded faster than those from non-treated animals. Even the lowest MOX concentration decreased soil microbial biomass, respiration, and N mineralization. Despite not harming coprophagous insects, the addition of MOX to feces from drug-free sheep has a negative impact on soil microbial biomass and activity.

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“…Due to constantly increasing drug resistance in H. contortus and residual effects, the control strategies which employ minimal use of synthetic anthelmintics have gained importance in the sheep industry. The experts have recommended an integrated control mechanism encompassing various approaches instead of relying on a single option to achieve enough control (Fernandes et al 2019). Management fields like the selection of resistant lines of sheep, adoption of grazing techniques, and vaccination program have also gained significant attraction.…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovine haemonchosis: a review

Naeem

Zahid²,

Roohi

2020

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Sheep farming is the backbone of a rural economy in developing countries, and haemonchosis is a major impediment in the way of its progress. Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) infection persists all over the world particularly in the tropical and subtropical regions. Various review articles have been published to substantially cover one or more aspects of its morphology, prevalence, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, immune response, drug resistance, treatment, and control measure. The objective of this paper is to briefly review past and present information available in the aforementioned areas in one place to enable the readers to fully understand the problem from a broader perspective. H. contortus parasite harbours in abomasum of affected animal and feeds on its blood, producing mild to severe symptoms and even death in acute form. The parasite thus inflicts heavy production losses and is of economic importance. H. contortus has developed diverse characters over the years leading to limited success in the production of vaccines. Indiscriminate use of the anthelmintics has produced drug resistance against almost all conventional products. Efficacy of medicinal plants and non-conventional chemicals has been reported under controlled experiments; however, research on their adverse effects on growth and fertility is yet to be studied. Research on molecular tools for identification and introduction of resistant genes into the flock is also underway but still a long journey to find its field application. Crossbreeding may compromise the production traits of the existing flock. In given circumstances, a targeted selective treatment approach along with selective breeding, culling of more susceptible animals, and maintaining a good body condition score through the provision of a balanced diet remains a workable strategy to control haemonchosis in sheep.

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Can the strategies for endoparasite control affect the productivity of lamb production systems on pastures?

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Does Faeces Excreted by Moxidectin-Treated Sheep Impact Coprophagous Insects and the Activity of Soil Microbiota in Subtropical Pastures?

Does Faeces Excreted by Moxidectin-Treated Sheep Impact Coprophagous Insects and the Activity of Soil Microbiota in Subtropical Pastures?

Does faeces excreted by moxidectin-treated sheep impact coprophagous insects and the activity of soil microbiota in subtropical pastures?

Ovine haemonchosis: a review

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