Two and three-dimensional morphometric analysis of trabecular bone using X-ray microtomography (µCT)

Silva, Alessandro Márcio Hakme da; Alves, José Marcos; Silva, Orivaldo Lopes da; Silva, Nelson Ferreira da

doi:10.1590/rbeb.2014.011

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The diameters of the spheres are randomly drawn according to the assumption of a lognormal distribution of Tb.Th (LogNorm[µTb.Th; σTb.Th]). Actually, the assumptions of normality of Tb.Sp and lognormality of Tb.Th are not contradicted by literature data[10]-[11].It should be noted, Tb.Sp is a highly uncertain parameter, which is very sensitive to the measurement method. In other words, the model obtained with 3 above mentioned steps can be considered as a first approximation only.…”

supporting

confidence: 64%

Parametric Stochastic Model of Bone Structures to Be Used in Computational Dosimetric Phantoms of Human Skeleton

Shishkina¹,

Zalyapin²,

Timofeev³

et al. 2018

RadJ

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The estimation of dose factors for active marrow exposed to bone-seeking beta-emitters, such as 89 Sr and 90 Sr/ 90 Y (0 -1.5 MeV and 0 -2.4 MeV, respectively), is an important task of bone dosimetry. Monte Carlo simulations of electron -photon transport to calculate the active marrow doses are based on the geometrical modeling of bone structures. The model geometry should consist of accurate descriptions of spongiosa fine structure and cortical bone thickness (because of the high probability of low energy electron emission) as well as descriptions of bone macrodimensions (because the maximum electron path length in spongiosa is about 5-9 mm). New computer tomography (CT) -based methods are widely applied to develop computational dosimetric phantoms. The advantage of the CT-based method is in high realism of the description of complex bone shape as well as in the possibility of an adequate description of bone microstructure with µCT. However, the method has a number of disadvantages, viz.:(1) the method is laborious and expensive; (2) the use of cadavers is associated with organizational difficulties;(3) one cadaver -based model can be non-representative and does not allow estimation of the uncertainties associated with individual variability of human anatomy; (4) cortical bone thickness is fixed based on the CT, for which resolution is worse than the measurand; (5) in practice, the limitation in voxel resolution of the computational phantom often results in narrowing down the strong points given by µCT because of an inadequate representation of the microstructure. Moreover, high individual variability of bone shapes and macro-dimensions negates the advantages of the above-mentioned high realism. The aim of the presented study is to elaborate the algorithm of parametric bone modeling, which allows for the generation of phantoms of hematopoietic bone segments based on known micro-and macro dimensions. We propose an approach that permits easy subdivision of bones into small segments, which may be described by simple-shape geometric figures with appropriate voxel resolution. Spongiosa structure (presented by a stochastic rod-like model and calibrated by literature-derived bone volume-to-total volume ratio) is covered by a homogenous cortical layer. All parameters of the proposed cadaver-free model can be obtained from the literature on morphometry and hystomorphometry. Moreover, the parametric modeling allows the simulation of individual variability of bone-specific dimensions.

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supporting

confidence: 64%

Parametric Stochastic Model of Bone Structures to Be Used in Computational Dosimetric Phantoms of Human Skeleton

Shishkina¹,

Zalyapin²,

Timofeev³

et al. 2018

RadJ

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“…Thus, mimicking structures of the native bone may contribute to In order to analyze the distribution characteristics of the native tibia, we got the image of proximal tibial intersecting surface by micro-CT scanning, image binarization, and removing noises above. Silva et al [9] introduced that the point on the cross section of bone trabecular can be represented accurately by ellipse interpolation. We fit the pores through ellipse and take the center coordinates of the scatter obtained from circle fitting as the elliptical centroid coordinates.…”

Section: An Algorithm For Ellipse Curve Fittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT scanning is a continuous multilayer lossless image technology in micron scale. In recent years, along with the development of additive manufacture techniques, it has been successfully applied to qualitative and quantitative analysis and 3D modeling of medical images [8,9]. Based on the method of threshold value division and region growth for CT image, the 3D models of tibia microstructure are reconstructed by using software Mimics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer-aided CT image processing and modeling method for tibia microstructure

Wang

2020

Bio-des. Manuf.

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We present a method for computed tomography (CT) image processing and modeling for tibia microstructure, achieved by using computer graphics and fractal theory. Given the large-scale image data of tibia species with DICOM standard for clinical applications, we take advantage of algorithms such as image binarization, hot pixel removing and close operation to obtain visually clear image for tibia microstructure. All of these images are based on 20 CT scanning images with 30 μm slice thickness and 30 μm interval and continuous changes in pores. For each pore, we determine its profile by using an improved algorithm for edge detection. Then, to calculate its three-dimensional fractal dimension, we measure the circumference perimeter and area of the pores of bone microstructure using a line fitting method based on the least squares. Subsequently, we put forward an algorithm for the pore profiles through ellipse fitting. The results show that the pores have significant fractal characteristics because of the good linear correlation between the perimeter and the area parameters in log-log scale coordinates system, and the ratio of the elliptical short axis to the long axis through ellipse fitting tends to 0.6501. Based on support vector machine and structural risk minimization principle, we put forward a mapping database theory of structure parameters among the pores of CT images and fractal dimension, Poisson's ratios, porosity and equivalent aperture. On this basis, we put forward a new concept for 3D modeling called precision-measuring digital expressing to reconstruct tibia microstructure for human hard tissue.

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“…Medida 3D da separação trabecular média é adquirida por esferas no interior dos interstícios (espaço medular). O diâmetro médio das esferas representa a espessura trabecular, e o desvio padrão do diâmetro representa a variabilidade na espessura (Silva et al, 2014).…”

Section: Análise Morfométrica De Osso Trabecularunclassified

“…A seguir são definidos os demais parâmetros morfométricos medidos na análise 2D com as respectivas equações de cálculo. Observa-se que o cálculo desses parâmetros, com exceção da porosidade, depende dos índices primários definidos anteriormente , CT-Analyser, 2008, Silva et. al.…”

Section: Análise Morfométrica 2dunclassified

Estudo experimental das propriedades elásticas de ossos trabeculares utilizando ensaios mecânicos computacionais e microtomografia por raios-X

Silva¹,

Alves²

Self Cite

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DEDICATÓRIADedico este trabalho primeiramente a Deus por me mostrar que deve haver muita humildade, paciência e perseverança nos caminhos a trilhar.À minha mãe Cecília Hakme, com muito amor, carinho e admiração, por todo seu apoio na caminhada para a execução dos meus projetos de pesquisa científica pois sem a sua confiança e afeto não teria chegado aonde cheguei.À minha irmã Milena Hakme e ao meu cunhado Toni Sanches pelo amor, carinho, admiração e por toda a ajuda emocional nos momentos conturbados.A toda minha família, que sempre acreditou no meu potencial e, em especial, ao meu pai Alício e sua esposa Isabel e à minha irmã Larissa.Aos meus avós, paternos e maternos, e à minha tia Catarina Hakme, (in memorian), que contribuíram para o homem que me dediquei a ser. Ao meu amigo Uziel Paulo da Silva e sua esposa Rafaela Fernades pela real amizade e por todos os esclarecimentos e discussões ao longo do doutorado. AGRADECIMENTOSÀ minha amiga e companheira por anos Thalita Alves por todo seu amor, respeito, simplicidade e companheirismo; Á minha família canadense, Paula Steinberg, Gerry Guy, Jaxen Guy e Jordhynn Guy, que me hospedou com tanto apreço e carinho durante meu doutorado sanduíche em Calgary.Aos meus amigos pós-graduandos Ana Elisa, Lucas Freitas, Gabriel da Rocha, Flávio Ferraz, Jéssica Bastos, Vitor Basso, Paula Baravieira, Michelli Bersanetti, Thiago Figueira e Jaqueline Crusca por todo companheirismo. EPIGRAFE"O ser humano vivência a si mesmo, seus pensamentos como algo separado do resto do universo -numa espécie de ilusão de ótica de sua consciência. E essa ilusão é uma espécie de prisão que nos restringe a nossos desejos pessoais, conceitos e ao afeto por pessoas mais próximas. Nossa principal tarefa é a de nos livrarmos dessa prisão, ampliando o nosso círculo de compaixão, para que ele abranja todos os seres vivos e toda a natureza em sua beleza. Ninguém conseguirá alcançar completamente esse objetivo, mas lutar pela sua realização já é por si só parte de nossa liberação e o alicerce de nossa segurança interior." Ossos trabeculares possuem uma microestrutura porosa e podem ser modelados como um sólido elástico linear, heterogêneo e anisotrópico. A microtomografia tridimensional por raios-x (µCT) tem sido mundialmente utilizada para a caracterização de osso trabecular em pesquisas relacionadas à qualidade óssea e a doenças do metabolismo ósseo como a osteoporose. Na literatura existem poucas investigações sobre a influência de diferentes subvolumes amostrais na caracterização de propriedades mecânicas de osso trabecular humano através de µCT e ensaio mecânico computacional pelo método de Elementos Finitos. Nesta investigação doze vértebras humanas da região lombar foram utilizadas para a caracterização das propriedades mecânicas do osso trabecular através de µCT e modelagem computacional por elementos finitos. Uma amostra cúbica virtual com 18,5 mm de lado foi extraída de cada vértebra e quatro cubos menores centrais foram obtidos a partir dela com reduções de 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% do volume original d...

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Two and three-dimensional morphometric analysis of trabecular bone using X-ray microtomography (µCT)

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Parametric Stochastic Model of Bone Structures to Be Used in Computational Dosimetric Phantoms of Human Skeleton

Parametric Stochastic Model of Bone Structures to Be Used in Computational Dosimetric Phantoms of Human Skeleton

Computer-aided CT image processing and modeling method for tibia microstructure

Estudo experimental das propriedades elásticas de ossos trabeculares utilizando ensaios mecânicos computacionais e microtomografia por raios-X

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