Evaluation of Residual Monomer Release After Polymerization of Colored Compomer Materials

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the amount of residual monomers released after polymerization by the compomers in different colors and viscosities over time. Material and Methods: The compomer samples of different colors and viscosities (flowable compomers; blue-pink and packable compomers; A2-blue-pink-gold) were prepared in molds with an inner diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm. In polymerization of samples, a LED unit was used. The amount of monomers released from the samples kept in 75% ethanol/water solution was measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instrument in the 10th minute, in the 1st hour, and in the 1st, 7th, and 14th days. For statistical analyses, the paired sample t-test, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test were used. Results: The amount of residual monomers released from all materials increased over time. At the end of the 14th day, the most released monomer from all compomer samples was BisGMA. The total amounts of released monomers from the packable compomers were Gold>A2>blue>pink. The amount of residual monomers released from flowable compomers was higher in blue than in pink. Conclusion: The color and the viscosity are the factors affecting the residual monomer release in compomers.

Evaluation of residual monomer release after polymerization of different restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry

“…The ethanol solution was not changed from the beginning to the end of the study in our previous study [ 26 ]. However, in this study, the solution was changed at the end of each time period based on the previous studies [ 20 – 22 , 35 ].…”

“…Moreira et al [ 38 ] indicated that the release of residual monomer continued until the 30th day. In the previous study conducted in our clinic, residual monomer release was evaluated at the end of 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, 1, 7, and 14 days [ 26 ]. Unlike our previous study, the 10th minute was eliminated from the evaluation periods and the final evaluation period was extended to 21 days.…”

“…Although monomer elution from the resin-composites has been widely assessed [ 7 , 15 , 17 – 24 ], studies evaluating monomer elution from the compomers are very limited [ 8 , 25 , 26 ]. To the best of our knowledge, there are very few studies in the literature examining the amount of residual monomer released after polymerization of colored compomers and RMGIC.…”

“…Tunç et al [ 28 ] stated that compomers are potentially toxic to human pulp fibroblasts and the type of curing unit will affect compomer toxicity. In our previous study, it was determined that BIS-GMA was the most released residual monomer, despite its high viscosity which makes it difficult to release in packable and flowable compomers, while TEGDMA was the least released monomer [ 26 ]. Residual monomer release continued on the 14th day and the compomer with the highest residual monomer release was the gold-colored compomer.…”

“…To date, most of the studies on residual monomer released have deal with dental composite resins [ 7 , 15 , 17 – 24 ]. However, less information is available about the compomers [ 8 , 25 ], especially colored compomers [ 26 ]. As far as we know, there is no study examining the amount of residual monomer release from composites, RMGIC, and all the colors of the colored compomers in the color scale within the same study protocol.…”