“Clara, esta sou eu!” Nome, acesso à saúde e sofrimento social entre pessoas transgênero

Abstract

Esta pesquisa qualitativa objetivou compreender as relações entre acesso a serviços de saúde e experiências de sofrimento social entre pessoas trans. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco interlocutores e observações participantes. Os dados foram analisados por meio da codificação temática, originando duas categorias: “A negação do nome” e “Acesso à saúde e transfobia institucionalizada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)”. As narrativas das/os interlocutores permitiram localizar tais relações na sociogênese de experiências de sofrimento social. A negação do nome implica negação da humanidade da pessoa trans, bem como patologização de sua identidade e prejuízos no acesso à saúde, colocando a automedicação como uma possibilidade de agência. Concluiu-se que a transfobia institucionalizada no setor de saúde reproduz a precarização da cidadania de pessoas trans, destacando quanto a ação estatal com vistas a mitigar o sofrimento social pode, por vezes, intensificá-lo.

Integral health care for transgender adolescents: subsidies for nursing practice

“…It is important to emphasize that the beginning of puberty is a complex phase, which demands support, especially to those transgender adolescents that express a desire for body changes. In addition to the indiscriminate hormonization, industrial silicone, breast bands, binders, and other methods are frequently used without the recommendation of health professionals 10 , 17 .…”

“…Acceptance and qualified listening are technologies capable of guiding care from the perspective of trans citizenship 18 , through motivation and support for active participation in the health care production process, however, gender diversity is still conducted by some professionals as a pathology 3 , 10 .…”

“…In the context of health, the bond between professionals and transgender people, especially adolescents, should begin from the projection of the welcoming look and legitimization of the name chosen by the trans person, anchored to affective, social, and political aspects 10 . However, even though the “social name’’ is a right instituted by the SUS, since 2006, through the Letter of the Health Users Rights 11 ) and, subsequently, composes the field for registration in the National Health Card (SUS Card) 12 , in the practice of health services, this right is commonly violated and denied, which implies violence and potential rupture of bonds 10 .…”

“…In the context of health, the bond between professionals and transgender people, especially adolescents, should begin from the projection of the welcoming look and legitimization of the name chosen by the trans person, anchored to affective, social, and political aspects 10 . However, even though the “social name’’ is a right instituted by the SUS, since 2006, through the Letter of the Health Users Rights 11 ) and, subsequently, composes the field for registration in the National Health Card (SUS Card) 12 , in the practice of health services, this right is commonly violated and denied, which implies violence and potential rupture of bonds 10 . Besides these aspects, transgender adolescents also face the bureaucratic barriers to name rectification, since it occurs upon judicial authorization 13 in the case of underage people, with disrespect for the name and treatment pronouns being difficulties experienced in all social contexts, including the nuclear family and school 9 .…”

“…Barriers include the denial of their identity and name; and difficulty in accessing services in the Health Care Network (HCN), especially due to the unpreparedness of health professionals when providing care. This scenario can be intensified in private services in relation to the SUS, and can result in indiscriminate self-hormonization alternatives 10 .…”