Extracts with anti-inflammatory activities from Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr. by inhibiting LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2

Abstract

Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr. have been used as folk medicine to treat various diseases traditionally and the young leaves and shoots of A. trifoliatus are popularly consumed as vegetables and herbal tea in southern China. In the study, we firstly tested the cytotoxicity and NO production of 18 fractions that extracted from the leaves, stems and roots of A. trifoliatus to select the bioactive fraction. The increasing evidence suggested that the dichloromethane extract prepared from stems of A. trifoliatus (ATSDC) have anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, the study followed to investigate the effects of ATSDC on the inflammatory response and the molecular mechanisms underpinning this effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The manuscript showed that ATSDC effectively inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated cells and significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, at a dose of 40 µg/mL, whereas TNF-α production tended to decrease under ATSDC treatment. We also confirmed a dose-dependent and significant inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 protein expression. In conclusion, ATSDC exerted strong inhibitory effect on the expression of iNOS and COX-2 protein in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and could be potentially used in treatment of inflammatory-related diseases in the future.

Anticholinergic effect of resveratrol with vitamin E on scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease in rats: Mechanistic approach to prevent inflammation

“…In contemporary times, natural compounds, especially those found in foods, have gained enormous attention in medicine due to their immense bioactivity. These bioactivities include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties ( Cheng et al, 2010 ; Luo et al, 2022 ). The anti-inflammatory effects of RES and vitamin E have been demonstrated.…”

Inhibition of LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 on extracts of Acanthopanax leucorrhizus (Oliv.) Harms stems

“…Ahn et al (2018) investigated that Acanthopanacis cortexgold nanoparticles (A-AuNPs) suppressed NF-κB and AP-1 through phosphorylation of MAPKs signaling in RAW264.7 cells and inhibited the LPS-induced production of iNOS and COX-2 (Ahn et al, 2018). Luo et al (2021b) reported that the anti-inflammatory activities of dichloromethane extract from A. trifoliatus stems by inhibiting LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 (Luo et al, 2021b). Eun et al (2021) investigated the Antiosteoporosis effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Achyranthes japonica, and Atractylodes japonica mixed extract fermented with nuruk and suggested that it could be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of osteoclast-mediated inflammatory bone diseases (Eun et al, 2021).…”

“…This research provides evidence of the possible beneficial health advantages of A. leucorrhizus and furnished a reliable theoretical and practical basis for the developing and utilizing Acanthopanax species. symptoms of the inflammation, such as A. senticosus (Fei et al, 2014;Fan et al, 2019;Jin et al, 2020), A. gracilistylus (Liu et al, 2017;Zou et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2018;Luo et al, 2021a), and A. trifoliatus (Wang et al, 2015;Chien et al, 2015;Luo et al, 2021b), the mechanism of A. leucorrhizus stems on its antiinflammation activity is still not well known. For the purpose of developing and utilizing Acanthopanax species, we focused our study on the anti-inflammatory properties of various fractions of A. leucorrhizus stems through the effects on the production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as on the expression of iNOS and COX-2 by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.…”

Study on the Fingerprints of Acanthopanax trifoliatus Fractions with Varying Polarities and the Relationship Between Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity Using Multivariate Analysis

“…A study reported that the ATRB ethanol extract has a considerable anti-inflammatory effect; LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells was significantly lower after ATRB ethanol extract treatment, and the main substances in the ethanol extract were identified as chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, and other polyphenols. Moreover, ethanol extraction can effectively remove 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals (Luo et al, 2022; Wang et al, 2015). Numerous studies have shown that ATRB has good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.…”