Heavy metals in some commercially fishery products marketed in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Seven major commercially important marine fisheries species, Fenneropenaeus indicus, Chaceon quinquedens, Lethrinus nebulosus, Scomberomorus commerson, Plectropomus pessuliferus, Pampus argenteus, and Epinephelus summana were seasonally sampled from Jeddah main local fisheries market, Saudi Arabia. The heavy metals, namely arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) were assessed. Except for arsenic, the results indicated that the levels of tested heavy elements were within the standard limits. The levels of arsenic were high in F. indicus, C. quinquedens, L. nebulosus, P. pessuliferus and E. summana. In addition, Pb showed higher mean levels of 0.89 ± 0.14 mg/kg and 5.05 ± 0.86 mg/kg in S. commerson and P. pessuliferus, respectively, compared to the permissible standard limits. Cd was not found in most samples, except for F. indicus and C. quinquedens where its detected levels exceeded the acceptable standards. Our results may prove the significant roles of seasonal impacts and species variations in the acquisition mechanisms of heavy metals in marine environments. Therefore, the application of a detection program for cumulative residual levels of heavy metals in marine fisheries products is recommended before marketing to ensure the safety of these products.

A Bio-Indicator Pilot Study Screening Selected Heavy Metals in Female Hair, Nails, and Serum from Lifestyle Cosmetic, Canned Food, and Manufactured Drink Choices

“…Heavy metals, including Cr, Al, Cd, and Pb, which were selected for study in this paper, interact with the human body through many proteins, genes, and DNA by losing one or many electrons and manufactured metals cations, which have many affinity sites to various macromolecules, and many tissues and body organs are also affected [ 6 , 17 ]. The current results for groups 1 and 2 ( Table 2 and Table 3 ) may also be due to the daily use of other cosmetics, food, or drinks, and previous research has indicated various kinds of food contamination and toxicity, including those that are manufactured or fresh [ 14 , 15 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Hence, the human body’s direct exposure to heavy metals from food, beverages, cosmetics, soil, air, tobacco, dust, and skin can affect internal biological systems depending upon the dose, leading to acute early effective and chronic accumulation, consequently, leading to various macromolecule infection and health issues, including deadly neurological, brain, liver, kidney, bone, skin, and other fetal diseases [ 1 , 38 ].…”

Assessment of heavy metal toxicity in fish and its impact on human health: A review

“…As-0.53-0.75 (mg/kg) Pb-ND Co-2.18-2.35 (mg/kg) Ni-ND Cu-ND Zn-1.01-2.62 (mg/kg) Fe-4.60-5.75 (mg/kg) Cd-0.21-0.25 (mg/kg) Cr-1.80-2.50 (mg/kg) (Aljabryn, 2022) [5] Fish (Chaceon quinqueden)…”