Assessment of chemical, nutritional and bioactive properties of Annona crassiflora and Annona muricata wastes

Abstract

Recently, many researches have become available in order to value agroindustrial waste and by-products through processes that exploit these wastes and transform them into new value-added products. Thus, this study aimed to assess the chemical composition (proximate analysis, mineral profile, pectic substances, carbohydrates), fatty acid profile, and bioactive compounds of two major exotic fruit wastes (seeds), marolo and soursop, largely found in one of the richest Brazilian biomes, the Savannah. Soursop and marolo seeds showed significant fat (295.1 and 311.3 g kg-1 d.b., respectively), protein (149.9 and 188.7 g kg-1 d.b., respectively), and fiber (426.7 and 351.1 g kg-1 d.b., respectively) contents. Marolo seeds were found to be the richest in phenolic compounds (32043.1 mg GAE kg-1 d.b.) and also presented the highest DPPH• scavenging activity (91.25%). The major phenolic compound found in marolo and soursop seeds was rutin. Among the fatty acids found in both seeds, the ones with unsaturated chains were predominant, such as oleic acid (48.54% for marolo, and 40.35% for soursop seeds). The seeds analyzed were found to be sources of Cu and Mg. Marolo and soursop seeds were found to be a good source of nutritional compounds and an alternative to obtain compounds of interest to be used in the development of food produce, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products.

Intensified green-based extraction process as a circular economy approach to recover bioactive compounds from soursop seeds (Annona muricata L.)

“…For comparison, conventional SOX extraction using ethanol and hexane as polar and nonpolar solvents, respectively, was performed to afford results for TPC ( Table 1 ). These results were in agreement with the data reported in the literature for the TPC of soursop seeds obtained by conventional extraction techniques at room temperature and different organic solvents (8.2–78.5 mg GAE∙g −1 extract; Menezes et al, 2019 , Moreno and Jorge, 2012 ). New extraction techniques that can allow energy conservation and reduce the usage of organic solvents can allow the recovery of bioactive compounds from soursop seeds.…”

“…Thus, based on the composition of fatty acids, soursop seeds contain essential compounds that can be applied in food industry. Therefore, seeds are a potential source of oil, which should be further investigated to determine their properties; oil extraction from these can be an alternative to the use of commercial fruit seeds waste, which can contribute toward a sustainable and circular economy ( Menezes et al, 2019 , Campos et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Other phenolic compounds, such as 3,4 dihydroxybenzoic acids (1) , caffeic acid (4), cinnamic acid (5), chlorogenic acid (6), ferulic acid (8), gallic acid (9), p -coumaric acid (12), syringic acid (16), catechin (19), epicatechin (21), kaempferol (26), naringenin (28), quercetin (30), rutin (31), taxifolin (32), and vanillin (38), are known to contribute to the AAs of the soursop seed, pulp, and leaf extracts obtained using different techniques and solvents ( Aguilar-Hernández et al, 2019 , Menezes et al, 2019 ). These were also detected in the soursop extracts obtained in the present study.…”

Tópicos em Agroecologia - Volume 2

“…Dentre os principais compostos bioativos investigados nas sementes de graviola pode-se citar os compostos fenólicos, flavonoides, carotenoides, tocoferois, alcalóides, estetóis, acetogeninas, entre outros. Menezes et al (2019) obtiveram no extrato das sementes de graviola com metanol/água (1:1) os seguintes compostos fenólicos: catequina (169 mg kg -1 ), ácido trans cinâmico (290 mg kg -1 ), rutina (891 mg kg -1 ) e antocianinas (3 mg cianidina-3-glucosidio kg -1 ). A presença de flavonoides foi investigada por Nguyen et al (2020), que obtiveram no extrato etanólico das sementes 86,6 mg Quercetina/100g.…”

“…A presença de flavonoides foi investigada por Nguyen et al (2020), que obtiveram no extrato etanólico das sementes 86,6 mg Quercetina/100g. Os carotenoides foram estudados por Menezes et al (2019), que obtiveram no extrato acetônico das sementes de graviola 770 μg de β-caroteno kg -1 . A existência de tocoferois foi pesquisada por Elagbar et al (2016), que obtiveram no extrato hexânico das sementes de graviola 12,5 mg α-tocoferol kg -1 .…”