Leprosy in the elderly population and the occurrence of physical disabilities: Is there cause for concern?

Matos, Thais Silva; Carmo, Rodrigo Feliciano do; Santos, Franklin Gerônimo Bispo; Souza, Carlos Dornels Freire de

doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198067

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…In this sense, health services should focus on preventive measures by actively seeking individuals in this age group, in addition to diagnosis of cases, providing timely treatment, and early identification of lesions, the purpose of which is also to prevent physical disability. Early interventions prevent or minimize the high social costs leprosy imposes from removing this population from productive activities and social relationships [ 28 , 36 – 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and forecasts of leprosy for a hyperendemic city from Brazil’s northeast: Evidence from an eleven-year time-series analysis

et al. 2020

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This study's objective was to estimate the temporal trends of leprosy according to sex and age groups, as well as to estimate and predict the progression of the disease in a hyperendemic city located in the northeast of Brazil. This ecological time-series study was conducted in Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil. Leprosy cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2016 were included. Detection rates stratified by sex and age groups were estimated. The study of temporal trends was accomplished using the Seasonal-Trend Decomposition method and temporal modeling of detection rates using linear seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model according to Box and Jenkins method. Trend forecasts were performed for the 2017-2020 period. A total of 3,212 cases of leprosy were identified, the average incidence among men aged between 30 and 59 years old was 201.55/100,000 inhabitants and among women in the same age group was 135.28/100,000 inhabitants. Detection rates in total and by sex presented a downward trend, though rates stratified according to sex and age presented a growing trend among men aged less than 15 years old and among women aged 60 years old or over. The final models selected in the timeseries analysis show the forecasts of total detection rates and rates for men and women presented a downward trend for the 2017-2020 period. Even though the forecasts show a downward trend in Imperatriz, the city is unlikely to meet a significant decrease of the disease burden by 2020.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and forecasts of leprosy for a hyperendemic city from Brazil’s northeast: Evidence from an eleven-year time-series analysis

et al. 2020

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“…Concomitantly, in our study, the risk of disability increased with age (OR, 2.83 in the elderly), corroborating a study conducted in Juazeiro, Bahia (OR, 2.20 for people over 45 years old) 40 . The higher risk of developing leprosy in the elderly is due to the gradual and inevitable changes in the aging process, with damage in dynamics and functional capacity and a lower immunological competence in this group 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, temporal and spatial dynamics of leprosy in a municipality in northeastern Brazil (2008-2017): an ecological study

Albuquerque

Silva

Barreto

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological, temporal, and spatial dynamics ofleprosy in a municipality in northeastern Brazil. Methods: This is an ecological study on new leprosy cases in the population of Arapiraca (Alagoas, Northeast Region, Brazil), from 2008 to 2017. Data extracted from a national database were analyzed forepidemiological indicators, factors associated with physical disabilities, and spatialanalysis in the neighborhoods of Arapiraca. Results: A total of 292 new cases of leprosy were recorded, particularly occurring among the following groups: women, the age group of 46-59 years, brown-skinned individuals, people with less than eight years of schooling, and urban residents; the new cases were also predominantly the tuberculoid form and were of the paucibacillary classification of the disease. Almost 1/3 of the people had some degree of physical disability, which was mainly associated with the group 60 years of age and older, black ethnicity, and the multibacillary clinical form of leprosy. The joinpoint regression showed a stationary temporal behavior of indicators. There was a heterogeneous spatial distribution with active transmission areas, especially in the neighborhoods Primavera, Baixão, Ouro Preto, and downtown. Conclusions: The epidemiological indicators revealed complexity in the process of leprosy development. These spatial and temporal studies are relevant to help in the planning, monitoring, and guidance of interventions in the municipality. The spatial analysis showed heterogeneous distribution in the analyzed neighborhoods.

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“…This was also an evidence for the relatively low epidemic situation of leprosy in Shaanxi. However, this may also be related to the long delay period in diagnosis [6] , suggesting that the ability to detect new leprosy patients in Shaanxi still needed improvement. In terms of current leprosy cases, the average age during 21 years was relatively high, which may be related to the large number of MB leprosy cases in our province and the long Multidrug Therapy (MDT) course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Scenario of Leprosy in a Province in China: Long Delay in Diagnosis and High Rate of Deformity.

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: This ecological study aimed to analyze both the tendency and the characteristics of leprosy in an endemic province in the Chinese Northwest. Methods: The medical records of leprosy in the province of Shaanxi, China, 1998-2018 were collected from the leprosy management information system in China (LEPMIS). Epidemiological variables were analyzed in this study. Results: 477 new cases were diagnosed between 1998-2018 in this area. The average rate of annual detection was 0.070/100,000, and the average annual prevalence was 0.305/100,000. The mean age of new patients was 46.71 years, and the ratio of male to female was 2.46:1. There were 399 cases (83.6%) of multibacillary (MB) forms. 148 cases (31.03%) had grade II disability. The mean delay in diagnosis for new cases was 62.01 months. Conclusion: The epidemiological study showed that the characteristics of the new leprosy cases in our province were still long delay in diagnosis and high rate of deformity, which indicated the need of actions of stimulating early diagnosis and treatment, and strengthening the detection of leprosy in low prevalent areas.

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Leprosy in the elderly population and the occurrence of physical disabilities: Is there cause for concern?

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Trends and forecasts of leprosy for a hyperendemic city from Brazil’s northeast: Evidence from an eleven-year time-series analysis

Trends and forecasts of leprosy for a hyperendemic city from Brazil’s northeast: Evidence from an eleven-year time-series analysis

Epidemiological, temporal and spatial dynamics of leprosy in a municipality in northeastern Brazil (2008-2017): an ecological study

Epidemiological Scenario of Leprosy in a Province in China: Long Delay in Diagnosis and High Rate of Deformity.

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