Zoon vulvitis

Abstract

Zoon vulvitis or vulvitis chronica plasmacellularis is a rare, chronic benign inflammation of the vulvar mucosa, diagnosed histologically, with variable therapeutic responses. It is important to be diagnosed because it mimics the presentation of other genital conditions, such as lichen planus and squamous cell carcinoma, which require specific treatment. We report a case of a female patient with three asymptomatic shallow ulcers on the labia minora. Laboratory tests ruled out infectious diseases and the biopsy was consistent with Zoon Vulvitis.

Plasma cell vulvitis: A systematic review

“…4 ). All articles were published between 1981 and 2020 ( Ajibade and Hirsi-Farah, 2019 ; Ajibona and Brown, 2005 ; Albers et al., 2000 ; Baba et al., 2017 ; Bharatia et al., 2015 ; Bhaumik et al., 2006 ; Botros et al., 2006 ; Brix et al., 2010 ; Celik et al., 2012 ; Chan and Zimarowski, 2015 ; Corazza et al., 2018 ; Damiani et al., 2017 ; David and Massey, 2003 ; Davis et al., 1983 ; Dos Reis et al., 2013 ; Ee et al., 2003 ; Elghobashy et al., 2020 ; Fernandez-Acenero and Cordova, 2010 ; Frega et al., 2006 ; Greco et al., 2016 ; Gunter and Golitz, 2005 ; Gurumurthy et al., 2010 ; Hautmann et al., 1994 ; Hindle et al., 2006 ; Jaimes Suarez et al., 2017 ; Kavanagh et al., 1993 ; Kuniyuki et al., 1998 ; McCreedy and Melski, 1990 ; Morioka et al., 1988 ; Nedwich and Chong, 1987 ; Neri et al., 1995 ; Page et al., 2015 ; Pourzan and Laird-Fick, 2019 ; Powers et al., 2015 ; Robinson et al., 1998 ; Mitchell et al., 2020 ; Salopek and Siminoski, 1996 ; Santonja et al., 2019 ; Scurry et al., 1993 ; Sharma et al., 2019 ; Solt et al., 2004 ; Souteyrand et al., 1981 ; Thomson et al., 2007 ; Toeima et al., 2011 ; Van der Meijden and Ewing, 2011 ; van Kessel et al., 2010 ; Virgili et al., 2004 ; 2005 ; 2008 ; 2015a ; 2015b ; Wo...…”

Plasma Cell Vulvitis: A Systematic Review of Interventions

“…Topical corticosteroids (TCSs) are the most common first-line therapy, used in 32 studies. Of 60 patients, nearly 70% of the cases demonstrated therapeutic efficacy of TCS as monotherapy 7,10,12,16–18,21,22,24,25,32,37,40–44,47 . There are also reports of efficacy combining TCS with antiviral, 9 antibiotic, 7,43 saline cleanse, 20 nystatin vaginal suppository, 14 and estrogen 35 .…”

Plasma cell vaginitis and cervicitis

“…In 1952, Professor Johannes Jacobus Zoon described Zoon's balanitis, an inflammatory condition which causes increased plasmacytic infiltrate of the penis and prepuce [1]. Zoon's vulvitis, commonly referred to as PCV or vulvitis circumscripta plasmacellularis, was first documented by Garnier two years later [1,2]. Plasma cell vulvitis is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease characterized by erythematous plaques with a red, orange hue affecting the vulva.…”

“…Due to the rarity of the disease, lack of research, and inconsistent response to treatment, there is no standard treatment regimen for PCV. However, many different treatments have been utilized for PCV, including topical corticosteroids, topical clindamycin, topical misoprostol, topical tacrolimus, intralesional interferon-a injections, topical imiquimod, topical estrogen, topical cyclosporine, antifungals, cryotherapy, laser ablation, antibiotics, fulguration, and surgical resection [1,2,9]. Currently, most widely accepted treatment is topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors [10].…”

“…Plasma cell vulvitis (PCV), also known as Zoon's vulvitis, is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease characterized by erythematous plaques with a red, orange hue and increased plasma cells affecting the vulva [1,2]. This condition has also been found to affect other orificial tissue, including the mouth and upper digestive tract [3,4], called plasma cell mucositis.…”