Cutaneous neonatal herpes simplex virus infection type 2: a case report

Bittencourt, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; Freitas, Lívia Karlla Marinho; Drago, Marion Guimarães; Carvalho, Alessandra Haber; Nascimento, Bianca Angelina Macêdo do

doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20163870

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The risk of transmission of HSV from mother to neonates is greater if the maternal infection is primary since there is insufficient time for transplacental passage of immunoglobulins [ 11 ]. In mothers with prolonged infection, it is likely that antibody transfer to the fetus will occur, acting as immunoprophylaxis [ 12 ]. Additionally, the risk of neonatal herpes is significantly higher in primary maternal infections near term, as there is no time for an effective immune response against the virus [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital herpes simplex with ophthalmic and multisystem features: a case report

Pereira,

Lima,

Muniz

et al. 2023

BMC Pediatr

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Background Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is rare and has significant morbimortality rates. Approximately 85% of newborns are infected intrapartum, and risk factors for mother-to-child transmission include vaginal delivery, primary maternal infection, and prolonged rupture of membranes. Neonatal HSV can manifest with isolated mucocutaneous lesions, neurological involvement, or disseminated disease. In general, herpetic infection can cause blepharoconjunctivitis or keratitis. We report a rare case of congenital herpes with ophthalmologic manifestations and multisystemic involvement. Case presentation A preterm infant, born at 32 weeks and 2 days, with presumed neonatal infection developed intestinal and respiratory complications, as well as hyperemic lesions on the left nostril and oral mucosa. An ophthalmological assessment was requested and brought up the suspicion of HSV infection, indicating empirical treatment with endovenous acyclovir. Later, a new ocular examination was suggestive of panuveitis. Afterward, serum IgM antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 were positive. Proper antiviral therapy led to an improvement in the condition. Discussion Neonatal herpes is associated with a high risk of persistent skin lesions, long-term neurological disability and other lasting sequelae. It is essential to consider HSV infection in cases of neonatal conjunctivitis, especially in patients with an epithelial defect and no improvement after initial treatment with topical or systemic antibiotics. Conclusions In the management of neonatal HSV, early diagnosis is essential for the timely initiation of antiviral therapy. Our report highlights that ocular assessment can be crucial in the correct diagnostic investigation of this condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital herpes simplex with ophthalmic and multisystem features: a case report

Pereira,

Lima,

Muniz

et al. 2023

BMC Pediatr

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“…However, more than 50% of the patients who survive are left with moderate or severe neuropsychiatric sequels, as only 2.5% of the patients who survive regain normal neurological function (Whitley et al, 1998, Whitley et al, 2001, Meyding-Lamadé et al, 2012. [A][B] (Pellet et al, 2003; [C] (Beauman, 2005); [D] (Bittencourt et al, 2016) A C D…”

Section: Transmission Clinical Manifestations and Prevention/therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular studies on HSV: Replication rate, infection capacity and progeny

Azevedo

Nunes

Roque

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Following the principal infection, the virus creates a life-long latent infection within sensory dorsal root ganglia. The occurrence of recurrent infection is mainly generated by reactivation of latent infection, particularly throughout the deficiency of immunity [ 16 , 17 ]. It has been reported that infection with HSV-2 increases the risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as well as invasive cervical carcinoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Study of Multi-Therapeutic Properties of Thymus bovei Benth. Essential Oil and Its Main Component for Promoting Their Use in Clinical Practice

Hassan

Berchová‐Bímová

Šudomová³

et al. 2018

JCM

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Thymus bovei Benth. (TB) is an important plant in the traditional medicine of the Mediterranean region. This study investigates the health-promoting properties of TB essential oil (TB-EO) for its possible use in clinical practice with regards to its cytotoxic, anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and antihypertensive (through inhibition of human angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACE) properties. The phytochemical profile of EO (99.9%) was analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, all biological methods were performed at the level of in vitro studies. The results showed that TB-EO exerted remarked cytotoxic properties against human cervical carcinoma cells, colon cancer cells, and lung adenocarcinoma cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.22, 9.30, and 8.62 µg/mL, respectively, in comparison with that of standard anticancer drug cisplatin with IC50 values of 4.24, 5.21, and 5.43 µg/mL, respectively. Fascinatingly, TB-EO showed very weak cytotoxicity on the healthy human fetal lung fibroblast cells with an IC50 value of 118.34 µg/mL compared with that of cisplatin (IC50 = 10.08 µg/mL). TB-EO, its main component geraniol, TB-EO combined with acyclovir (ACV) along with standard ACV, have displayed pronounced inhibitory properties against the replication of HSV-2 with the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 2.13, 1.92, 0.81 and 1.94 µg/mL, respectively, with corresponding selectivity indices (SI) 98.59, 109.38, 259.26 and 108.25, respectively. TB-EO and geraniol at a concentration of 15 µg/mL showed prominent inhibitory activities against ACE with % of inhibition 95.4% and 92.2%, respectively, compared with that of standard inhibitor captopril (99.8%; 15 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies were performed to unveil the mechanism of action of geraniol as well as structural parameters necessary for anti-HSV-2 activity (through the inhibition of HSV-2 protease) and ACE inhibition. This is the first report on the chemical composition of Egyptian TB-EO along with the above-mentioned biological activities. Our results may be considered as novel findings in the course of a search for new and active anticancer, anti-HSV-2 and antihypertensive agents, and expand the medicinal value of this plant and its phytochemicals in clinical practice.

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Cutaneous neonatal herpes simplex virus infection type 2: a case report

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Congenital herpes simplex with ophthalmic and multisystem features: a case report

Congenital herpes simplex with ophthalmic and multisystem features: a case report

Molecular studies on HSV: Replication rate, infection capacity and progeny

In Vitro Study of Multi-Therapeutic Properties of Thymus bovei Benth. Essential Oil and Its Main Component for Promoting Their Use in Clinical Practice

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