Nulls and side lobe levels control in a time modulated linear antenna array by optimizing excitations and element locations using RGA

Analysis of Linear Antenna Array for minimum Side Lobe Level, Half Power Beamwidth, and Nulls control using PSO

“…(2) is used to get the optimum amplitude and position so as to minimize the SLL and the HPBW. In Table V As compared to [1] there is an improvement of 13.85 dB in the SLL and 0.45° in the HPBW by using the PSO and similarly, for N = 16, there is an improvement of 16.11 dB in the SLL and 0.45° in the HPBW shown in Fig. 8.…”

“…The AF for N elements can be considered as follows [13]. (1) where N is the number of antenna elements, a i , d i , ϕ i, and k are the excitation amplitude, the inter-element spacing, the excitation phase and the propagation constant for the i th element.…”

“…Considering 12 and 16 antenna array elements, the directivity and the SLL of linear antenna arrays have been improved by increasing the number of elements and controlling the inter-element spacing, the excitation amplitude. Another important application of linear array is null control [1], [5]- [6], [9]. The null control refers to control the radiation pattern in a way such that a relatively small amount of power is received/radiated in certain directions.…”

A new optimization algorithm applied in electromagnetics — Maxwell’s equations derived optimization (MEDO)

“…The similar study has been done by PSO [34] for SLL suppression and by RGA [36] for both SLL suppression and null control. The obtained side lobe levels are shown in Tables 5 and 6.…”

“…Antenna array synthesis is one of the most significant optimization problems, including side lobe level (SLL) suppression [31][32][33][34][35], null control [31,34,36], and array failure correction [37][38][39]. It is challenging because of the high-dimensionality and strong-nonlinearity.…”