High prevalence rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) among Enterobacteriaceae in a small Brazilian public hospital

Abstract

The production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) is considered one of the most important resistance mechanisms that impair antimicrobial treatment of infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. Data on culture and susceptibility tests were collected from the Clinical Analyses and Research Laboratory charts reporting on patients admitted to the University Hospital of Maringá (HUM) from January 2004 to December 2009. The following Enterobacteriaceae were selected: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter spp. and Proteus mirabilis. All tests were performed according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (biochemical identification; susceptibility tests; initial screening and phenotypic confirmatory tests for ESBL). For Enterobacter spp. isolates, a disk approximation test was carried out, adding a cefepime disk. Seven hundred samples were analyzed, and E. coli was the most prevalent bacteria (n= 356). ESBLs were detected phenotypically in 7.3% of E. coli, 61.7% of K. pneumoniae, 33.3% of K. oxytoca, 7.1% of P. mirabilis, and 13.4% of Enterobacter spp samples. Overall ESBL prevalence reached 22% when all producers were taken together. Although HUM is considered a small-sized hospital, it showed high levels of resistance to antimicrobial agents, similar to those observed in bigger hospitals, which demonstrated the need for careful epidemiological surveillance.

Occurrence and sensitivity profile of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary hospital in Southern Brazil

“…In our study, ESBL production was detected in different genera, with an overall prevalence of 30.3% in the strains tested and the majority of positive isolates belonging to Enterobacter sp., Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella sp. Similar percentages were reported in other studies conducted by Seki et al (14) (40.2%), Lenhard-Vidal et al (15) (16) was conducted at the same hospital as the present study.…”

Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third generation cephalosporins upon hospital admission: risk factors and clinical outcomes

“…The rate found in this study is in line with other reports of nosocomial infection rates in small Brazilian hospitals. 20 , 21 In the few studies conducted in the country with outpatients the ESBL production rates were considerably lower. 22 , 23 However, in the present study most cases had had recent hospitalizations (68.4%) or were transferred from other hospitals (16.4%), so they could not be considered as community-acquired.…”

Evaluation of Non-Thermal Decontamination Processes to Have the Equivalence of Thermal Process in Raw Ground Chicken

“…The chicken carcasses have been observed to have high contamination rates for E. coli (77.5%) and Salmonella (85%) ( Yulistiani and Praseptiangga, 2019 ). E. coli are a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family ( Lenhard-Vidal et al, 2011 ). Salmonella are rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria that are one of the most prevalent causes of foodborne illness globally ( Ha et al, 2020 ).…”