Effect of a Pharmaceutical Care Program on quality of life and satisfaction with pharmacy services in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

The aim is to evaluate the humanistic outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients by the adoption of pharmacotherapy follow-up in community pharmacies. Controlled, non-randomized, 12-months trial; n=161 patients distributed into control and intervention groups; 6 community pharmacies involved, all in the Curitiba city region, in the state of Paraná were used. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the satisfaction index were determined using both the DQOL assessment tool, which measures HRQoL, and the satisfaction evaluation tool (QSSF). Interventions on 119 negative therapeutic outcomes were done (2.3/patient [SD=1.6]); the most commonly found problems were related to ineffectiveness of pharmacotherapy (68.1%). The Intervention-Group showed a significant improvement in HRQoL compared with the Control Group (0.08 vs -0.01, respectively; p=0.036). Satisfaction and impact domains presented the most significant improvement (0.13 vs 0.00 [p=0.030] and 0.07 vs -0.04 [p=0.033], respectively). After adjusting for baseline variables, the difference in improvement scores between groups on the QSSF was attributed to the allocation of patients in the intervention group. Pharmacotherapy follow-up of type 2 diabetic patients in community pharmacies can improve the HRQoL and satisfaction of patients.Uniterms: Diabetes mellitus/type 2/pharmaceutical care. Pharmaceutical care. Community pharmacy. Pharmacists/community action. O objetivo foi avaliar os resultados humanísticos de pacientes com diabetes tipo 2, por meio da adoção de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico nas farmácias comunitárias. Utilizaram-se: ensaio controlado, não-randomizado, de 12 meses; n=161 pacientes, distribuídos entre Grupo Controle e de Intervenção, e 6 farmácias comunitárias, todas na região da cidade de Curitiba, Estado do Paraná. A qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (HRQoL) e o índice de satisfação foram determinados utilizando a ferramenta de avaliação DQOL, que mede a HRQoL, e a ferramenta de avaliação da satisfação (QSSF). Intervenções em 119 resultados terapêuticos foram efetuadas (2,3/paciente [SD=1,6]. Os problemas mais comumente encontrados foram aqueles relacionados à ineficácia da farmacoterapia (68,1%). O Grupo de Intervenção mostrou melhoria significativa da HRQoL em comparação ao Grupo Controle (0,08 versus 0,00 [p=0,030 e 0,07 versus -0,04 [p=0,033], respectivamente). Após o ajuste da linha base das variáveis, a diferença na contagem de melhoramento entre os grupos no QSSF foi atribuída à alocação de pacientes no Grupo de Intervenção. O acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico em pacientes de diabetes tipo 2 em farmácias comunitárias pode melhorar a HRQoL e a satisfação dos pacientes.Unitermos: Diabetes melito/tipo 2/atenção farmacêutica. Atenção farmacêutica. Farmácia comunitária. Farmacêuticos/ação comunitária.

Impact of pharmaceutical care on the quality of life of patients with Chagas disease and heart failure: randomized clinical trial

“…Pharmaceutical care is a practice performed by the clinical pharmacist who delivers the patient’s prescription, in order to improve compliance, avoid underuse of appropriate drugs and optimize their dosage, avoid use of inappropriate drugs, and detect, prevent, and resolve drug-related problems (DRPs) [22] and improve the patient’s quality of life [24]. The value of this strategy has been demonstrated in distinct clinical scenarios [23-25]. In patients with HF, this intervention may improve patients’ symptoms, avoid hospitalizations, and, consequently, improve patients’ quality of life.…”

Pharmaceutical care – impact on quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: a review

“…Of the 17 included in this review, four were conducted in Australia, [33][34][35][36] two in Brazil, 37,38 one in Canada, 39 two in India, 40,41 two in the United Arab Emirates, 42,43 one in the UK, 44 and five in the USA [45][46][47][48][49] (Table 1). Ten studies were conducted in community pharmacy settings 33,[35][36][37][38][39]42,[44][45][46] and involved between one 37,39 and 83 36 community pharmacies in the provision of care, five were conducted in health centers or ambulatory clinics, 34,40,[47][48][49] and two in hospitals settings 41,43 (Table 1). In eight studies, patients were randomized into intervention and control groups, 34,[39][40][41]43,44,47,49 two studies used a clustered randomized controlled design, 35,36 one a parallel groups design,…”

“…In eight studies, 35,36,38,39,42,[44][45][46] the pharmacists who provided the diabetes interventions were community pharmacists, and had received additional training in diabetes in four 11,35,44,46 of the eight studies (Table 1). Two studies used credentialed diabetes educators 39,45 and four specified clinical pharmacists.…”

Efecto del seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en el nivel de satisfacción del cliente en farmacia comunitaria

“…Cada pregunta fue calificada en escala de Likert: Muy de acuerdo (5 puntos), de acuerdo (4 puntos), ni de acuerdo ni desacuerdo (3 puntos), en desacuerdo (2 puntos) y en total desacuerdo (1 punto). (Correr, Pontarolo, De Paula, Venson, Melchiors, & Wiens, 2009). La aplicación del cuestionario se realizó al final del periodo de evaluación que tuviera lugar el programa de SFT.…”