Determination of olanzapine by spectrophotometry using permanganate

Abstract

Two new spectrophotometric methods using permanganate as the oxidimetric reagent for the determination of olanzapine (OLP) were developed and validated as per the current ICH guidelines. The methods involved the addition of known excess of permanganate to OLP in either acid or alkaline medium followed by the determination of unreacted permanganate at 550 nm (method A) or bluish-green color of manganate at 610 nm (method B). The decrease in absorbance in method A or increase in absorbance in method B as a function of concentration of OLP was measured and related to OLP concentration. Under optimized conditions, Beer's law was obeyed over the ranges 2.0 to 20 and 1.0 to 10 µg mL . The LOD and LOQ for method A were calculated to be 0.37 and 1.13 µg mL -1 and the corresponding values for method B were 0.16 and 0.48 µg mL -1 . Intermediate precision, expressed as RSD was in the range 0.51 to 2.66 %, and accuracy, expressed as relative error ranged from 0.79 to 2.24 %. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the assay of OLP in commercial tablets with mean percentage recoveries of 102 ±1.59 % (method A) and 101 ±1.53 % (method B). The accuracy and reliability of the methods were further confirmed by performing recovery tests via standard addition procedure.Uniterms: Olanzapine/determination. Spectrophotometry. Permanganate. Pharmaceuticals. Dois métodos espectrofotométricos novos, usando o permanganato como o reagente oxidimétrico para a determinação da olanzapina (OLP) foram utilizados e validados de acordo com as diretrizes atuais do ICH. Os métodos envolveram a adição de excesso conhecido de permanganato à OLP em meio ácido ou alcalino, determinando-se o permanganato que não reagiu em 550 nm (método A), ou pela cor verdeazulada do manganato a 610 nm (método B). A diminuição da absorbância no método A ou o aumento da absorbância no método B, em função da concentração de OLP, foi medida e relacionada à concentração de OLP. Sob condições otimizadas, a lei de Beer foi obedecida, nas faixas de concentração de 2,0 a 20 e 1,0 a 10 ao µg mL-1, no método A e no método B, respectivamente. Os valores de absortividade molar foram de 1,34 x 104 e 2,54 x 104 l mol-1cm-1 para o método A e para o método B, respectivamente, e as sensibilidades respectivas de Sandell foram de 0,0233 e 0,0123 µg cm-2. Os LOD e os LOQ para o método A calculados foram 0,37 e 1,13 mg mL-1e os valores correspondentes para o método B foram 0,16 e 0,48 µg mL-1. A precisão intermediária, expressa como RSD, encontrou-se na faixa de 0,51 a 2,66%, e a exatidão, expressa como o erro relativo, variou de 0,79 a 2,24%. Os métodos propostos foram aplicados com sucesso ao ensaio de OLP em comprimidos comerciais, com porcentagens médias de recuperação de 102± 1,59% (método A) e de 101± 1,53% (método B). A exatidão e a confiabilidade dos métodos foram confirmadas executando testes de recuperação através de procedimento padrão de adição.Uniterms: Olanzapina/determinação. Espectrofotometria. Permanganato. Produtos farmacêuticos.

Application of redox reactions for the determination of valganciclovir hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals

“…The method B was based on the reduction of KMnO 4 by VLGH in alkaline medium. The resulting manganate ion, which is a bluish-green colored chromogen with a strong absorption maximum, was measured at 610 nm (Figure 2) similar to the previous reports (Basavaiah, Devi, 2010;Rajendraprasad, Basavaiah, 2009;Devi, Basavaiah, Vinay, 2012). The possible reaction pathways for two methods (A and B) are presented in Figure 3.…”

Selective Potentiometric Sensors for the Determination of Quetiapine Fumarate in Pharmaceuticals and Spiked Human Urine

“…High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], ultra-performance liquid chromatographic with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) [13,14], HPLC with different detection systems such as chemiluminescence [15], electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) [16][17][18][19] and tandem mass spectrometry [20][21][22][23][24], and gas chromatography [25,26] techniques have been used for the assay of QTF in body fluids. However, QTF has been determined in pharmaceuticals by titrimetric [27,28], potentiometric [29], polarographic [30], differential pulse and square wave voltammetric [31], capillary zone electrophoretic [32,33], high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) [34][35][36], HPLC [12,[37][38][39][40][41], UPLC [42] and spectrophotometric [28,32,[43][44]…”

Use of Sodium Tetraphenyl Boron for Fabrication of Potentiometric Membrane Sensor for the Assay of Olanzapine in Pharmaceuticals and Human Urine

“…In the literature titrimetry [1][2][3] , visible spectrophotometry [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] , kinetic spectrophotometry [11] , UV-spectrophotometry [2,12] , capillary zone electrophoresis and linear voltammetry [12] and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) [13][14][15] have been reported for determination of OLP in pharmaceuticals. Several liquid chromatographic methods [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] have also been reported for the assay of OLP in pharmaceuticals and biological materials.…”