“…Studies of the effects of temporal variations of climatic factors on the Caatinga fauna, especially in terms of its invertebrates, have been scarce in light of the wide diversity of this group of organisms (AGUIAR & MARTINS 1997, ZANELLA & MARTINS 2003, GUSMÃO & CREÃO-DUARTE 2004, IANNUZZI et al 2006, HERNÁNDEZ 2007, ARAÚJO et al 2010, VASCONCELLOS et al 2010, MEDEIROS et al 2012 The present study sought to evaluate the Collembola fauna in a semiarid area of Caatinga vegetation in northeastern Brazil and identify the climatic variables that influence species richness, individual abundances, and the structural composition of that guild. This represents one of the few studies undertaken in the Caatinga biome that has evaluated the effects of temporal variations in climatic elements on invertebrates at the species level.…”