Genetic diversity of Hepatozoon spp. in rodents from Chile

Alabí, Amir; Monti, Gustavo; Otth, Carola; Sepúlveda-García, Paulina; Perles, Lívia; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias; André, Marcos Rogério; Bittencourt, Pedro; Müller, Ananda

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612021082

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…in the studied areas. As previously stated [ 35 , 36 , 38 ], rodents might play a role in the epidemiological cycle of reptile-associated Hepatozoon spp. rather than the Carnivora-associated species (e.g., H. canis , H. felis ), as indicated by ours and previous phylogenetic analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Novel genotypes of Hepatozoon spp. in small mammals, Brazil

et al. 2022

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Background Small mammals (rodents and marsupials) have been poorly explored for the occurrence of apicomplexan (genus Hepatozoon and genera of the order Piroplasmorida) and Anaplasmataceae agents in Brazil. Thus, this study investigated the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp., Piroplasmorida, and Anaplasmataceae agents in small mammals in seven forest fragments in Brazil. Methods During 2015–2018, small mammals were captured in six forest fragments in the State of São Paulo (Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes) and one fragment in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul (Pantanal biome). Mammal blood, liver, spleen, and lung samples were tested molecularly for the presence of DNA of Hepatozoon, Piroplasmorida, and Anaplasmataceae agents. Results A total of 524 mammals were captured, comprising seven species of marsupials, 14 rodents, two carnivores, and one Cingulata. Four novel haplotypes (1, 2, 3, 4) of Hepatozoon spp. were detected in small mammals from different biomes. In São Paulo state, haplotype 1 was detected in rodents from Cerrado and a transition area of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, whereas haplotype 2 was detected in rodents from the Atlantic Forest biome. On the other hand, haplotypes 3 and 4 were restricted to rodents and marsupials, respectively, from the Pantanal biome of Mato Grosso do Sul. No host species shared more than one haplotype. Despite these distinct geographical and host associations, our phylogenetic analyses indicated that the four Hepatozoon haplotypes belonged to the same clade that contained nearly all haplotypes previously reported on rodents and marsupials, in addition to several reptile-associated haplotypes from different parts of the world. No mammal samples yielded detectable DNA of Piroplasmorida agents. On the other hand, the Anaplasmataceae-targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay amplified a sequence 100% identical to the Wolbachia pipientis endosymbiont of the rodent filarid Litomosoides galizai. Conclusions We report a variety of Hepatozoon haplotypes associated with small mammals in three Brazilian biomes: Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, and Pantanal. Through phylogenetic analyses, the Hepatozoon agents grouped in the rodent-marsupial-reptile large clade of Hepatozoon spp. from the world. The detection of a W. pipientis associated with the rodent filarid L. galizai indicates that the rodent was infected by filarial nematodes. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Novel genotypes of Hepatozoon spp. in small mammals, Brazil

et al. 2022

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“…4 , Additional file 1 : Table S2) [ 39 ]. Nevertheless, some studies constructed phylogenies of the genus Hepatozoon incorporating short and long sequences, and the trees yielded congruent topologies consistent with the evolutionary history of the genus [ 124 , 130 , 132 , 133 ]. It is important to note that these studies implemented short sequences above 387 bp flanking the IV region of the 18S rRNA gene.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the findings in Chile suggest discrete lineages of Hepatozoon spp. associated with the native rodent genera Abrothrix, Oligoryzomys , and Phyllotis [ 75 , 79 , 102 , 132 ], and with the ancient marsupial monito del monte ( D. gliroides ) [ 75 ], suggesting that Hepatozoon co-evolved with these mammals [ 102 , 165 , 166 ]. Thus, the evolutionary history and diversification dynamics of these hosts could be shaping the phylogenetic relationships and genetic structure of the Hepatozoon lineages characterized in Chile [ 166 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatozoon (Eucoccidiorida: Hepatozoidae) in wild mammals of the Americas: a systematic review

Thomas,

Santodomingo,

Saboya-Acosta

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Abstract Background The study of parasites provides insight into intricate ecological relationships in ecosystem dynamics, food web structures, and evolution on multiple scales. Hepatozoon Eucoccidiorida: Hepatozoidae) is a genus of protozoan hemoparasites with heteroxenous life cycles that switch infections between vertebrates and blood-feeding invertebrates. The most comprehensive review of the genus was published 26 years ago, and currently there are no harmonized data on the epizootiology, diagnostics, genotyping methods, evolutionary relationships, and genetic diversity of Hepatozoon in the Americas. Methods Here, we provide a comprehensive review based on the PRISMA method regarding Hepatozoon in wild mammals within the American continent, in order to generate a framework for future research. Results 11 out of the 35 countries of the Americas (31.4%) had data on Hepatozoon, with Carnivora and Rodentia orders having the most characterizations. Bats, ungulates, and shrews were the least affected groups. While Hepatozoon americanum, H. americanum-like, H. canis, H. didelphydis, H. felis, H. milleri, H. griseisciuri, and H. procyonis correspond to the identified species, a plethora of genospecies is pending for a formal description combining morphology and genetics. Most of the vectors of Hepatozoon in the Americas are unknown, but some flea, mite, and tick species have been confirmed. The detection of Hepatozoon has relied mostly on conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the implementation of specific real time PCR for the genus needs to be employed to improve its diagnosis in wild animals in the future. From a genetic perspective, the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene has been widely sequenced for the identification of Hepatozoon in wild animals. However, mitochondrial and apicoplast markers should also be targeted to truly determine different species in the genus. A phylogenetic analysis of herein retrieved 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences showed two main clades of Hepatozoon: Clade I associated with small mammals, birds, and herpetozoa, and Clade II associated with Carnivora. The topology of the tree is also reflected in the haplotype network. Conclusions Finally, our review emphasizes Hepatozoon as a potential disease agent in threatened wild mammals and the role of wild canids as spreaders of Hepatozoon infections in the Americas. Graphical Abstract

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“…Among them were 6 blood smears from animals of the species Apodemus flavicollis, 1 from Myodes glareolus and 2 from Apodemus agrarius. Thus, the results of studies have provided new data on the prevalence of pathogens of various diseases among mouse-like rodents, which require further detailing using modern methods ( Colle et al, 2019;Baltrūnaitė et al, 2020;Alabí et al, 2021). Also, for the first time, the influence of radiation factors such as EDRγ and the flux density of β-particles on the circulation of Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Haemobartonella (Mycoplasma) spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mouse-like rodents in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone in the spread of blood-borne diseases

Lypska,

Semenko,

Boyko

et al. 2023

Ukrainian journal of veterinary sciences

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A feature of the conducted research is the study of a topical issue – the influence of external and internal factors on the prevalence of pathogens of blood-parasitic diseases. One of the most important external factors of influence is the exposure dose of γ-radiation, since the catching of mouse-like rodents was carried out at the landfills of the drained bed of the cooling reservoir of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Therefore, the aim of the work was to study mouse-like rodents for the presence of causative agents of blood-parasitic diseases in natural populations under the influence of radioecological conditions of man-made transformation of the cooling reservoir of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Mouse-like rodents of the genera Apodemus and Myodes were studied from three different locations of the cooling pond using parasitological methods. Radiological methods were used to determine the level of contamination of the specified three places where mouse-like rodents were caught using the γ- and β-dosimeter Pripyat RKS 20.3. Examination of blood smears of mouse-like rodents from three experimental polygons of the cooling reservoir of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant revealed the presence of pathogens of blood-parasitic diseases in 93.8% of animals. In particular, such pathogens as Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Haemobartonella (Mycoplasma) spp., were identified. and spirochetes. The prevalence of zoonotic agents among mouse-like rodents of the Chernobyl Zone of radioactive contamination, as well as its dependence on the level of radioecological pollution of the respective landfills, was established. Therefore, according to the results of the conducted research, the presence of causative agents of blood-parasitic diseases among mouse-like rodents, which are both intermediate and their definitive hosts, including those from dangerous zoonoses, which, subject to the application of timely and complex preventive measures, will prevent human infection

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Genetic diversity of Hepatozoon spp. in rodents from Chile

Cited by 6 publications

References 64 publications

Novel genotypes of Hepatozoon spp. in small mammals, Brazil

Novel genotypes of Hepatozoon spp. in small mammals, Brazil

Hepatozoon (Eucoccidiorida: Hepatozoidae) in wild mammals of the Americas: a systematic review

The role of mouse-like rodents in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone in the spread of blood-borne diseases

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