Epidemiological aspects of Leishmaniasis in the Pantanal region of Mato Grosso

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania parasite that is disseminated by some species of sandflies and hosted by a variety of reservoirs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the epidemiological situation of leishmaniasis in the municipalities of the Mato Grosso Pantanal. Human data were obtained from the Information System of Notifiable Diseases, and the canine and vector results from the State Department of Health of Mato Grosso. Between 2007 and 2016, 10 cases of visceral leishmaniasis and 499 cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis were identified in the Pantanal region. The surveillance studies regarding the canine reservoir demonstrated that the parasite was present in six of the seven municipalities. Vectors of visceral leishmaniasis were present in five municipalities and vectors of tegumentary leishmaniasis in six. Enhancement of services aimed at controlling this disease is fundamental to prevent an increase in the number of cases in the region.

A follow-up study (2007–2018) on American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in the municipality of Caratinga, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: Spatial analyses and sand fly collection

“…After 2015, an increase in the ATL incidence was noticed, probably due to diagnosis improvement, disease transmission increase or both. This also confirms previous findings in other Brazilian endemic regions [56][57][58] and could be justified by anthropic actions, socioeconomic pressure, and disordered urbanization. These phenomena may contribute to sand fly distribution and, consequently for ATL transmission.…”

OCORRÊNCIA DA INFECÇÃO NATURAL PARA Leishmania spp. NA POPULAÇÃO CANINA DOMICILIADA E HUMANA DE TRÊS LAGOAS-MS E ANÁLISE ESPACIAL

“…A umidade relativa do ar fica entre 50 a 90% e a precipitação média anual entre 1100 e 1500 mm (6). A quantidade desses insetos está relacionada com fatores ambientais, como a precipitação pluviométrica e presença de matéria orgânica, além de se replicarem quando a temperatura aumenta (25).…”

Molecular detection of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs from Barão de Melgaço, Pantanal region of Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…The results confirm that the disease is present in dogs in the Pantanal region. Of the seven municipalities (Barão de Melgaço, Cáceres, Curvelândia, Itiquira, Nossa Senhora do Livramento, Poconé, and Santo Antônio do Leverger) that comprise the Mato Grosso Pantanal region, six have previous reports of CVL (except Curvelândia) and five of autochthonous cases of human LV (except Curvelândia and Santo Antônio do Leverger) (Brito et al 2019). These data serve as a warning for the public health system because of the possibility of expanding the etiologic agent to neighboring municipalities and emphasizes the importance of adopting the strategic measures established by the PCLV, which recommend the diagnosis and treatment of human cases, monitoring and euthanasia of infected dogs, and reduction of the number of vectors (sandflies) through environmental management in public and residential areas (Brasil 2014).…”