Parasite Community of Cichla kelberi (Perciformes, Cichlidae) in the Três Marias Reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

A total of 112 specimens of yellow peacock bass, Cichla kelberi, were collected in the Três Marias Reservoir, upper São Francisco River, State of Minas Gerais, between 2004 and2005. Twelve species of parasites were collected: two species of ectoparasites (the monogenetic Gussevia sp. and the copepod Ergasilus sp.); and ten species of endoparasites, including four species of adult endoparasites: the cestodes Proteocephalus macrophallus and P. microscopicus, and the nematodes: Capillostrongyloides sentinosa and Rhabdochona acuminata, and six species of larval endoparasites: the metacercariae of Austrodiplostomum compactum and the nematodes: Hysterothylacium sp., Contracaecum sp. , Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Spiroxys sp., and Goezia sp.. A significant positive correlation in the abundance of the two adult endoparasites species, P. macrophallus and P. microscopicus, may indicate that such associated species had the same ecological requirements. The positive correlations between the prevalence of the larval endoparasites, Hysterothylacium sp. and A. compactum, may indicate that there was opportunism for the two generalists species. Ergasilus sp., C. sentinosa, R. acuminata and Hysterothylacium sp. were recorded for the first time in C. kelberi, and this increased their list of known hosts. In addition, both proteocephalid species and C. sentinosa can extend their known biogeographical distribution to the Três Marias Reservoir.Keywords: Helminths, larval anisakid nematodes, fish parasites. ResumoCento e doze espécimes de Cichla kelberi foram coletados no Reservatório de Três Marias, Alto São Francisco, Três Marias, MG, entre 2004 e 2005. Foram coletadas doze espécies de parasitos matazoários, sendo duas espécies de ectoparasitos: os monogenéticos Gussevia sp. e os copépodos Ergasilus sp.; e dez espécies de endoparasitos, sendo quatro espécies de endoparasitos adultos: os cestoides Proteocephalus macrophallus e P. microscopicus e os nematoides: Capillostrongyloides sentinosa e Rhabdochona acuminata, além de seis espécies de endoparasitos larvais: metacercárias de Austrodiplostomum compactum e os nematoides: Hysterothylacium sp., Contracaecum sp. Tipo 1 , Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Spiroxys sp. e Goezia sp.. As associações positivas significativas observadas para os endoparasitos adultos P. macrophallus e P. microscopicus com correlação positiva entre suas abundâncias podem indicar que essas espécies tenham os mesmos requerimentos ecológicos; e para as espécies de endoparasitos larvais Hysterothylacium sp. e A. compactum, com correlações positivas entre suas prevalências podem indicar que houve oportunismo para ambas as espécies. Ergasilus sp., C. sentinosa, R. acuminata e Hysterothylacium sp. são registrados pela primeira vez em C. kelberi, ampliando assim a listagem de hospedeiros. Portanto, o Reservatório de Três Marias constitui nova localidade para ambas as espécies de proteocefalídeos e para C. sentinosa, ampliando assim a distribuição geográfica.Palavras-chave: Helmintos,...

Digenea of Hoplias intermedius and Hoplias malabaricus (Actinopterygii, Erythrinidae) from upper São Francisco River, Brazil

“…in preferentially piscivorous adult fish (the size reached at first sexual maturity) in the São Francisco River, in the case of C. kelberi (SANTOS-CLAPP & BRASIL-SATO, 2014), and among the Erythrinidae in the present study, make it possible to indicate that the lower level of ingestion of organisms that act as a first intermediate host in the Digenea cycles had negatively affected the chance for fish to act as an intermediate host (other metacercariae, e.g., Clinostomum sp.) and definitive hosts (adult digeneans) for that group of parasites -whose transmission requires the predation of the first or second intermediate host, respectively.…”

Nematodes of Astyanax fasciatus (Actinopterygii: Characidae) and their parasitic indices in the São Francisco river, Brazil

“…had already been found in Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794) in the upper Paraná river by Takemoto et al (2009 (Moravec, 1998). In the upper São Francisco river, and Santos-Clapp & Brasil-Sato (2014) reported occurrences of these larvae in the carnivorous fish Cichla kelberi Kulander & Ferreira, 2006). In the present study, these larvae were also found in A. fasciatus, thus showing that this fish acts as an intermediate host for these parasites.…”

“…and Goezia sp. in A. fasciatus enlarges the list of hosts in the São Francisco river, especially given that occurrences of these species had already been identified in several families of fish in the upper São Francisco river (BRASIL-SATO, 2003;SANTOS-CLAPP & BRASIL-SATO, 2014).…”

Parasitic helminths of the non-native serrasalmid fish Metynnis lippincottianus from the Três Marias Reservoir, Southeast Brazil

“…Procamallanus (S.) inopinatus is a generalist nematode that has been found in a number of fish species from the São Francisco River basin (BRASIL-SATO, 2003;SANTOS-CLAPP & BRASIL-SATO, 2014) and in several freshwater ecosystems as well (MORAVEC, 1998). This helminth species parasitizes M. maculatus from the Paraná River, M. lippincottianus from the Paraná River and a tributary of the Amazon River basin (MOREIRA et al, 2009;HOSHINO & TAVARES-DIAS, 2014), and M. hypsauchen from the Jari River, Brazilian Amazon (OLIVEIRA et al, 2015).…”