Helminths of Steindachnerina insculptain two distinct stretches of the Taquari River, state of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the helminth fauna of Steindachnerina insculpta in the Taquari River, a tributary of the Jurumirim reservoir in the state of São Paulo, and to investigate whether some helminth species may act as a bioindicator of environmental impact. The host fish sample was composed of 60 specimens, with 30 individuals sampled in a lotic stretch and 30 in a lentic stretch. The following were found: the monogeneans Anacanthoroides mizelli, Diaphorocleidus kabatai, Urocleidoides sp. and Euryhaliotrema chaoi; the digenean Sphincterodiplostomum musculosum and unidentified metacercariae; the nematode Travnema travnema and unidentified larvae; and the acanthocephalan Gorytocephalus plecostomorum. The total prevalence of monogeneans (z = 3.14; p = 0.002) and A. mizelli (z = 3.879; p ≤ 0.001), as well as the mean abundance of total monogeneans (U = 642.0; p ≤ 0.001) and A. mizelli (U = 623.5; p ≤ 0.001), were higher in the lentic stretch. Steindachnerina insculpta and its monogeneans comprise a potential group that could be used to investigate environmental impact, as demonstrated in this study.Keywords: Neotropical fish, teleost, parasites, bioindicator, reservoir. ResumoO objetivo desde estudo foi avaliar a helmintofauna de Steindachnerina insculpta no rio Taquari, um tributário do reservatório de Jurumirim, estado de São Paulo, e verificar se alguma espécie pode agir como bioindicadora de impacto ambiental. A amostragem de peixes foi composta de 60 espécimes, com 30 indivíduos amostrados no trecho lótico e 30 no trecho lêntico. Foram encontrados os monogenóides: Anacanthoroides mizelli, Diaphorocleidus kabatai, Urocleidoides sp. e Euryhaliotrema chaoi; o digenético Sphincterodiplostomum musculosum e metacercárias não identificadas, o nematoide Travnema travnema e larvas não identificadas; e o acantocéfalo Gorytocephalus plecostomorum. A prevalência total de monogenóides (z = 3,14; p = 0,002) e A. mizelli (z = 3,879; p ≤ 0,001) e também a abundância média de monogenóides total (U = 642,0; p ≤ 0,001) e A. mizelli (U = 623,5; p ≤ 0,001) foram maiores no trecho lêntico. Steindachnerina insculpta e seus monogenóides compõem um grupo em potencial que pode ser usado para investigar impactos ambientais, como mostrado neste estudo.

Ectoparasites community in Satanoperca jurupari (Cichlidae) from the Jari River, a tributary from Amazon River in Northern Brazil

“…Similar community of ectoparasites was reported for this native cichlid species from the Igarapé Fortaleza River (TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2017). The interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is essential for the composition and structure of parasite communities (MORAND et al, 2002;SILVA et al, 2011;ACOSTA et al, 2013;COSTA-PEREIRA et al, 2014;OLIVEIRA et al, 2016;TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2017). Therefore, due to the complex parasite-host-environment interaction, initially, the parasites attempt to establish themselves in the host while the host resists the infection via its immune defense mechanisms (SILVA et al, 2011;ROHLENOVÁ et al, 2011).…”

“…Possible causes for this type of parasite distribution pattern on fish are common to many ectoparasites (ACOSTA et al, 2013;COSTA-PEREIRA et al, 2014;TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2015;OLIVEIRA et al, 2016;TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2017). Such causes include differences among host individuals regarding susceptibility to parasites, possible tendencies for fish that have acquired one parasite to acquire others, and different probabilities of encountering an infective stage of the ectoparasites in the environment (POULIN & FITZGERALD, 1987;COSTA-PEREIRA et al, 2014;TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2015;OLIVEIRA et al, 2016).…”

“…Among the ecological traits of the hosts, size, age, diet, trophic level, life style, body condition, schooling behavior, population size and density, and geographical distribution range have been recognized as factors influencing richness and diversity of the parasite communities in fish population (POULIN & FITZGERALD, 1987;ROHDE et al, 1995;MARQUES & CABRAL, 2007;LONGSHAW et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2011;ACOSTA et al, 2013;COSTA-PEREIRA et al, 2014;OLIVEIRA et al, 2016). Water quality, habitat, season, temperature, geographic range, dissolved oxygen levels, etc., are among environmental factors that have been considered as key determinants that influence the richness and diversity of the parasite communities in fish populations (MORAND et al, 2002;LONGSHAW et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2011, ACOSTA et al, 2013BITTENCOURT et al, 2014;COSTA-PEREIRA et al, 2014).…”

“…Water quality, habitat, season, temperature, geographic range, dissolved oxygen levels, etc., are among environmental factors that have been considered as key determinants that influence the richness and diversity of the parasite communities in fish populations (MORAND et al, 2002;LONGSHAW et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2011, ACOSTA et al, 2013BITTENCOURT et al, 2014;COSTA-PEREIRA et al, 2014). Therefore, the interaction between hosts and ectoparasites in fish populations is highly complex, and dynamic ecological systems resulting from these interactions of multiple factors may act together or not.…”

A new species of Diaphorocleidus (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalinae) from the gills of Argonectes robertsi (Characiformes) and new records of dactylogyrids parasitic on fishes from the Xingu River, Amazon Basin, Brazil

“…Diaphorocleidus kabatai was also recorded from Steindachnerina insculpta (Fernandez-Yépez, 1948) (Curimatidae) and from Astyanax altiparanae Garutti & Britski, 2000, both in Brazil (alMeida & Cohen 2011, aCosta et al 2013). In addition, CaMargo et al (2015) reported Diaphorocleidus sp.…”