Proteolytic action of the crude extract ofDuddingtonia flagrans on cyathostomins (Nematoda: Cyathostominae) in coprocultures

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the action of the crude extract of Duddingtonia flagrans (isolates AC001 and CG722) on infective larvae (L 3 ) of cyathostomins in coprocultures and to confirm its proteolytic activity by means of a zymogram. The following groups were formed in coprocultures: Group 1: 10 mL of crude extract of D. flagrans (AC001); group 2: 10 mL of crude extract of AC001 with 10 mM of Ca 2+ ; group 3: 10 mL of crude extract of D. flagrans (CG722); group 4: 10 mL of crude extract of CG722 with 10 mM of Ca 2+ ; and group 5: control group (distilled water). The third-stage larvae (L 3 ) were obtained after eight days. The crude extract of D. flagrans was effective in reducing the number of L 3 , with the following percentage reductions: group 1, 49.5%; group 2, 52.5%; group 3, 36.8%; and group 4, 57.7%; in relation to the control group (p > 0.05). The proteolytic activity of the crude extract was confirmed through the zymogram. The results from this study confirmed that the crude extract of the fungus D. flagrans could be used for controlling cyathostomin L 3 , and suggested that at least one protease of approximately 38 kDa was present.

Nematicidal activity of Paecilomyces marquandii proteases on infective larvae of Ancylostoma spp

“…Since casein is a protein and thus the enzyme substrate, the formation of such halos shows that the extract demonstrated proteolytic activity even in the presence of detergent (SDS). In the literature we found several reports of the use of zymography for evidence of proteolytic activity (4,7,15). However, in this study, the performed zymogram demonstrated that the activity of proteases produced by P. marquandii was observed even in the presence of detergent, in the case SDS.…”

Optimization of protease production by the fungusMonacrosporium thaumasium and its action againstAngiostrongylus vasorum larvae

“…Regarding predatory nematophagous fungi, few reports on production of enzymes and their larvicidal activity have been published (BRAGA et al, 2011a(BRAGA et al, , 2013. The results obtained confirmed that nematophagous fungi were efficient for controlling nematode larvae that are potentially zoonotic.…”

Extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the cell-free filtrate of nematophagous fungus <em>Duddingtonia flagrans</em>

“…Therefore, its applicability has been studied extensively. [19][20][21][22] This study evaluates a new approach to the application of these organisms, involving the biosynthesis of AgNPs, since to date, there are few reports on the use of nematophagous fungi in the synthesis of NPs. 23 However, it is worth noting that there is no scientific report of the production of AgNPs using D. flagrans.…”