Environmentally associated ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Garcia, Marcos Valério; Silva, Dayana Campelo da; Almeida, Raphael Ferreira; Cunha, Rodrigo Casquero; Matias, Jaqueline; Barros, Jacqueline Cavalcante; Andreotti, Renato; Szabó, Matias Pablo Juán

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612013000100023

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In these studies, dragging was the method most used for tick collection, followed by CO 2 traps (SZABÓ et al, 2007;CANÇADO et al, 2008;OGRZEWALSKA et al, 2009;TOLESANO-PASCOLI et al, 2010;VERONEZ et al, 2010;GARCIA et al, 2013;PASCOAL et al, 2013) and, more recently, visual searching in forest environments (LABRUNA et al, 2005;SILVA et al, 2008;SZABÓ et al, 2009). Few evaluations of tick sampling methods in Brazil have been made (TERASSINI et al, 2010;GUEDES et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary data on four methods for sampling free-living ticks in the Brazilian Pantanal

Osava

Piovezan

Szabó

2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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In this study, four methods for sampling free-living ticks that are used in ecological and human tick-bite risk studies were evaluated. Cloth dragging, carbon dioxide traps and visual searches and inspection of plant litter on the ground were used in field and forest areas within the Brazilian Pantanal. Among the three tick species collected, Amblyomma sculptum predominated, followed by Amblyomma parvum and Amblyomma ovale. Dragging, a cheap and simple technique, yielded the highest numbers of ticks, particularly nymphs. The visual search detected a high number of adult ticks and provided information on tick questing height. Even though laborious, plant litter examination showed that large numbers of ticks may use this stratum. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) traps are expensive and difficult to handle, but they are highly efficient for adult ticks, especially A. parvum. These data indicate that one method alone is incapable of providing a representative sample of the tick fauna in a particular area and that multiple techniques should be used for tick population studies.Keywords: Off-host ticks, collecting techniques, CO 2 traps, cloth dragging, visual search, litter inspection. ResumoNeste estudo, foram avaliados quatro métodos de amostragem de carrapatos em vida livre, usados em estudos ecológicos e avaliação do risco de picadas em humanos. Arraste de flanela, armadilhas de gás carbônico (CO 2 ), busca visual e inspeção de serrapilheira foram aplicados em áreas campestres e florestais no Pantanal brasileiro. Dentre três espécies coletadas, a predominância foi de Amblyomma sculptum, seguida por Amblyomma parvum e Amblyomma ovale. O arraste, técnica simples e de baixo custo, resultou em maior número de carrapatos, particularmente de ninfas. A busca visual detectou alto número de carrapatos adultos e forneceu informações sobre altura de espera por hospedeiros. Apesar de trabalhoso, o exame da serrapilheira demonstrou que grande número de carrapatos pode utilizar esse estrato. Armadilhas de CO 2 têm custo elevado e são difíceis de manusear, entretanto, são altamente eficientes para carrapatos adultos, em especial para A. parvum. Esses dados indicam que somente um método é incapaz de fornecer amostra representativa da ixodofauna em uma área particular e que, para estudos populacionais, técnicas múltiplas devem ser usadas.Palavras-chave: Carrapatos em vida livre, técnicas de coleta, armadilhas de CO 2 , arraste de flanela, busca visual, inspeção de serrapilheira.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary data on four methods for sampling free-living ticks in the Brazilian Pantanal

Osava

Piovezan

Szabó

2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Infestation by A. nodosum in avians was previously described for different species (23,42,43). A. nodosum occurrence was described in Brazilian's Southeastern (44), Midwestern (40), Northern (25), and Northeastern region (30,43). An infestation by A. nodosum was found on T. tetradactyla in the state of Ceará (45) and on M. tridactyla and T. tetradactyla in the state of Pernambuco (30).…”

Section: Hosts and Ticks From Northeast Brazilian Rainforest Fragmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Although A. rotundatum has already been described to infest Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei in the Midwestern region of Brazil (23), this is the first record of parasitism of this species of tick on M. tuberculata. Adult forms of A. nodosum have been described in mammalian hosts, almost exclusively on anteaters, as on T. tetradactyla and M. tridactyla, while immature forms are frequently found on birds hosts (23,40,41). Infestation by A. nodosum in avians was previously described for different species (23,42,43).…”

Section: Hosts and Ticks From Northeast Brazilian Rainforest Fragmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ticks and Associated Pathogens From Rescued Wild Animals in Rainforest Fragments of Northeastern Brazil

et al. 2020

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The Ixodidae family comprises ticks that are hematophagous ectoparasites and are considered vectors of several hemoparasites from the Anaplasmataceae family and the genus Hepatozoon, Babesia, and Rickettsia. These ectoparasites parasitize domestic and wild animals belonging to several vertebrate groups. Ticks are highly adapted to different biomes and thus possess a wide geographical distribution. In the Brazilian state of Bahia, localized in the Northeast region, there are large rainforest fragments. Studies have rarely been carried out on ticks, and their hemoparasites, that parasitize wild animals in this region. Thus, this study aimed to identify the tick species parasitizing wild animals rescued in rainforest fragments of Bahia and investigate the presence of hemoparasites in tick tissues. During a 2-year period, 238 ticks were collected from 41 wild mammalians, reptiles, and amphibians. These ectoparasites were taxonomically classified according to their morphological characteristics. The ticks identified belonged to five different species from the Ixodidae family: Amblyomma varium, Amblyomma rotundatum, Amblyomma nodosum, Ixodes loricatus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. For the first time, an A. rotundatum parasitizing the Mesoclemmys tuberculata turtle was described. PCR assays using DNA extracted from salivary glands or midgut of the ticks were performed to detect specific DNA fragments of hemoparasites from the genus Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Babesia, Hepatozoon, and from the Anaplasmataceae family. The results showed positive detection of the Rickettsia genus (7.9%), Anaplasmataceae family (15.8%), and Hepatozoon genus (15.8%). Specific DNA from the Ehrlichia and Babesia genera were not detected in these samples. Specific DNA from members of the Anaplasmataceae family was detected in A. varium for the first time. The present Fonseca et al. Ticks in Wild Animals work showed that amphibians, reptiles, and mammals from Bahia's Atlantic Forest areparasitized by different tick species, and that these ectoparasites present pathogens in their tissues that impact both humans and animals due to their zoonotic potential.

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“…Amblyomma nodosum (Neumann, 1899) is a an ixodid tick restricted to the Neotropical region (GUGLIELMONE et al, 2003;NAVA et al, 2007), whose hosts are the mammals Tamandua (Linnaeus, 1758) and Myrmecophaga (Linnaeus, 1758) in the adult stage and a variety of birds in the immature stages (JONES et al, 1972;BECHARA et al, 2002;MARTINS et al, 2004;LABRUNA et al, 2007;OGRZEWALSKA et al, 2009;LUZ et al, 2012;PASCOAL et al, 2013;TORGA et al, 2013;GARCIA et al, 2013;MARTINS et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Rabbits were not good hosts for the adult ticks, since in these conditions no individual of A. nodosum showed any stimulus or action to feed. The host species for this stage appear to be restricted to those within the superorder Xenarthra, particularly Myrmecophagidae (JONES et al, 1972;BECHARA et al, 2002;MARTINS et al, 2004MARTINS et al, , 2014GARCIA et al, 2013). Occasional records of hosts such as the six-banded armadillo Euphractus sexcinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) (BECHARA et al, 2002) and dogs can be considered accidental (MAZIOLI et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amblyomma nodosum (Neumann, 1899): observations on life cycle under laboratory conditions

Pinheiro

Lourenço

Sá-Hungaro

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The natural hosts of Amblyomma nodosum in the immature stages are a variety of birds and the anteater in the adult stage. However, so far no data have been published about this tick's life cycle. To fill this gap, a record was made of its development under laboratory conditions. All the procedures were controlled in a BOD chamber set at 27±1 °C and 80±10% relative humidity and scotophase. The parasitic stages were raised on rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus Linnaeus, 1758), from which more than 50% of larvae and nymphs were recovered, although only a small portion performed ecdysis. The adults did not fixed on the rabbits, which suggests that the experimental conditions were unsuitable for the requirements of this species. The data obtained here indicate that A. nodosum is highly dependent on its host and environment whereas under laboratory conditions and host chosen for the study was not obtained satisfactory results and new studies with different hosts and new environmental conditions should be elaborated.Keywords: Tick, host, biology, Brazil, Amblyomma nodosum. ResumoOs hospedeiros naturais de Amblyomma nodosum, nos estágios imaturos, são uma variedade de pássaros e, na fase adulta, são os tamanduás. No entanto, até agora não há dados publicados sobre o ciclo de vida desse carrapato. Para preencher essa lacuna, um registro foi realizado sobre o desenvolvimento em condições de laboratório. Todos os procedimentos foram controlados em câmaras tipo BOD a 27±1 °C e 80±10% de umidade relativa e escotofase. As fases parasitárias foram desenvolvidas em coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus Linnaeus, 1758), a partir dos quais mais de 50% das larvas e ninfas foram recuperados, embora apenas uma pequena porção tenha realizado ecdise. Os adultos não se fixaram nos coelhos, o que sugere que as condições experimentais eram inadequadas para os requisitos dessa espécie. Os dados obtidos indicam que A. nodosum é altamente dependente de seu hospedeiro e ambiente, enquanto em condições de laboratório e pela escolha do hospedeiro para o estudo não foram obtidos resultados satisfatórios, e novos estudos com diferentes hospedeiros e novas condições ambientais devem ser elaborados.Palavras-chave: Carrapato, hospedeiro, biologia, Brasil, Amblyomma nodosum.

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Environmentally associated ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Complementary data on four methods for sampling free-living ticks in the Brazilian Pantanal

Complementary data on four methods for sampling free-living ticks in the Brazilian Pantanal

Ticks and Associated Pathogens From Rescued Wild Animals in Rainforest Fragments of Northeastern Brazil

Amblyomma nodosum (Neumann, 1899): observations on life cycle under laboratory conditions

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