Trypanocidal activity of human plasma on Trypanosoma evansi in mice

Abstract

<jats:p>This study aimed to test an alternative protocol with human plasma to control Trypanosoma evansi infection in mice. Plasma from an apparently 27-year-old healthy male, blood type A+, was used in the study. A concentration of 100 mg.dL-1 apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) was detected in the plasma. Forty mice were divided into four groups with 10 animals each. Group A comprised uninfected animals. Mice from groups B, C and D were inoculated with a T. evansi isolate. Group B was used as a positive control. At three days post-infection (DPI), the mice were administered intraperitoneally with human plasma. A single dose of 0.2 mL plasma was given to those in group C. The mice from group D were administered five doses of 0.2 mL plasma with a 24 hours interval between the doses. Group B showed high increasing parasitemia that led to their death within 5 DPI. Both treatments eliminated parasites from the blood and increased the longevity of animals. An efficacy of 50 (group C) and 80% (group D) of human plasma trypanocidal activity was found using PCR. This therapeutic success was likely achieved in the group D due to their higher levels of APOL1 compared with group C.</jats:p>

A Clinical and Epidemiological Investigation of the First Reported Human Infection With the Zoonotic ParasiteTrypanosoma evansiin Southeast Asia

“…The only human case of T. evansi with molecular confirmation of the infecting species occurred in India in 2005 [ 9 ]. This patient had a deficiency of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) [ 10 ], a component of human serum with trypanocidal activity [ 11 ]. Four other probable cases have been reported worldwide [ 8 ], 3 in India and 1 in Egypt, but molecular parasite speciation was not performed.…”

Surra: Trypanosomiasis in Livestock is Potential as Zoonotic Disease

“…Aktivitas trypanosidal dari plasma manusia yang mengandung Apo L-1 (100 mg dL -1 ) dilakukan oleh Da Silva et al (2012) pada mencit yang diinfeksi T. evansi. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa pemberian Apo L-1 sebanyak lima kali dalam waktu lima hari berturut-turut lebih efektif daripada hanya pemberian satu kali.…”

Detection of Surra (trypanosomiasis) positivity in humans in an outbreak area of Indonesia

“…It was reported that the disease could have occurred as the farmer was deficient in apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), 6 a component of human serum with trypanocidal activity. 7 In addition, three other cases have been reported worldwide (Table 1).…”