Thermal requirements of Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (Acari: Dermanyssidae)

Abstract

The thermal requirements for development of Dermanyssus gallinae were studied under laboratory conditions at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, a 12h photoperiod and 60-85% RH. The thermal requirements for D. gallinae were as follows. Preoviposition: base temperature 3.4ºC, thermal constant (k) 562.85 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R²) 0.59, regression equation: Y= -0.006035 + 0.001777 x. Egg: base temperature 10.60ºC, thermal constant (k) 689.65 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R²) 0.94, regression equation: Y= -0.015367 + 0.001450 x. Larva: base temperature 9.82ºC, thermal constant (k) 464.91 degree-hours, determination coefficient R² 0.87, regression equation: Y= -0.021123+0.002151 x. Protonymph: base temperature 10.17ºC, thermal constant (k) 504.49 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R²) 0.90, regression equation: Y= -0.020152 + 0.001982 x. Deutonymph: base temperature 11.80ºC, thermal constant (k) 501.11 degree-hours, determination coefficient (R²) 0.99, regression equation: Y= -0.023555 + 0.001996 x. The results obtained showed that 15 to 42 generations of Dermanyssus gallinae may occur during the year in the State of São Paulo, as estimated based on isotherm charts. Dermanyssus gallinae may develop continually in the State of São Paulo, with a population decrease in the winter. There were differences between the developmental stages of D. gallinae in relation to thermal requirements.<br>Experimentos de laboratório foram realizados visando estimar as exigências térmicas de Dermanyssus gallinae. Para isso, o desenvolvimento do ácaro foi estudado em condições de laboratório usando-se câmaras climatizadas reguladas a 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35°C, fotofase de 12h e UR de 6085%. As exigências térmicas determinadas para D. gallinae foram: Pré-oviposição: temperatura base de 3,4 ºC, constante térmica (k) igual a 562,85 graus-hora, coeficiente de determinação (R²) igual a 0,59, equação de regressão: Y= -0,006035 + 0,001777 x. Ovo. Temperatura base de 10,60 ºC, constante térmica (k) igual a 689,65 graus-hora, coeficiente de determinação (R²) igual a 0,94, equação de regressão: Y= -0,015367 + 0,001450 x. Larva. Temperatura base 9,82 ºC, constante térmica (k) igual a 464,91 graus-hora, R² igual a 0,87, equação de regressão: Y= -0,021123+0,002151x. Protoninfa. Temperatura de 10,17 ºC, constante térmica (k) igual a 504,49 graus-hora, coeficiente de determinação (R²) igual a 0,90, equação de regressão: Y= -0,020152 + 0,001982 x. Deutoninfa. Temperatura de 11,80 ºC, constante (k) térmica igual a 501,11 graus-hora, coeficiente de determinação (R²) igual a 0,99, equação de regressão: Y= -0,023555 + 0,001996 x. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que no Estado de São Paulo podem ocorrem de 15 a 42 gerações/ano de D. gallinae, em estimativa baseada em isotermas. Dermanyssus gallinae pode se desenvolver continuamente no Estado de São Paulo, com diminuição da população no inverno. Existem diferenças entre os estágios de desenvolvimento de D. gallinae com relação às exigências térmicas

Darkness increases the population growth rate of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

“…These results are in agreement with those reported by other authors in trials conducted at temperatures between 25–28.3 °C. Wood [34] observed that the life-cycle of D. gallinae from engorged female to a new adult generation ranged from 8.5 to 10 days, Sikes & Chamberlain reported 8–9 days [9], Harrison 7–10 days [35], and Tucci 7.9 days [36], indicating that the results obtained herein demonstrate that prolonged darkness had little or no observable effect on the longevity of D. gallinae life-cycle.…”

In Vitro Evaluation of Dermanyssus Gallinae Response to Products in Aqueous Suspension

“…When they are not feeding, they form colonies in cracks and crevices that are used as hiding places (Cunha et al 2009;Pereira 2011). Adults of this species might survive away from hens without feeding for several months, which explains their persistence in poultry houses (Taylor et al 2007), either because they remain inside the poultry facility nearly throughout their cycle (Tucci et al 2008) or because their control is hampered by their resistance to products (Harrington et al 2011).…”

Comparison of synthetic membranes in the development of anin vitrofeeding system forDermanyssus gallinae

“…Populations of D. gallinae can be maintained in the laboratory by allowing mites to feed periodically on live hens (Tucci, 1997), a method which has inherent welfare disadvantages. Depending upon the number of mites feeding, the bird can experience stress and general discomfort during the procedure.…”