Abordagem cirúrgica para o tratamento da ginecomastia conforme sua classificação

Abstract

Surgical approach in the treatment of gynecomastia according to its classification Surgical approach to the treatment of gynecomastia according to its classification Abordagem cirúrgica para o tratamento da ginecomastia conforme sua classificação ABSTRACT Background: Gynecomastia is the most common benign proliferation of the glandular tissue of the male breast and is caused by an alteration of the balance between estrogen and androgen concentrations. In most cases, the treatment of choice is surgery. In this study, we aimed to indicate the efficacy of established surgical procedures for the correction of gynecomastia, as evaluated according to Simon's classification, and to present a novel contribution. Methods: This study was performed between March 2009 and March 2011. It included 32 male patients, aged between 13 and 45 years. The type of incision was chosen on the basis of the need for skin resection. We used 4 techniques described in the literature and a modified procedure of circular incision with inferior, superior, lateral, and medial extensions, which we employed when excess skin was also present in the lower pole of the breast. Results: Idiopathic gynecomastia was the most common etiology among our patients, followed by obesity and by use of anabolic steroids. Conclusions: The common procedure to correct gynecomastia was based on the inferior periareolar incision proposed by Webster, which we employed in patients who did not require skin resection. In the presence of excess skin, the technique chosen varied according to the amount of tissue to be resected. In the present report, we propose a novel technique that facilitates larger dermal, glandular, and fatty breast tissue removal when compared to other procedures previously used by this surgeon.

Periareolar zigzag incision as treatment for gynecomastia

“…Bruises and seroma developed in 2% and 3.87% of the patients, respectively. Medeiros 14 , when comparing the type of gynecomastia treatment based on Simon's classification, demonstrated that better results were obtained using periareolar incision when gynecomastia did not require skin resection. So far, techniques described for the semicircular zigzag incision have been frequently described, but it was mainly used for augmentation mammoplasty 15 .…”

Efeitos Colaterais associados ao uso de Esteroides Anabolizantes Andrógenos Auto Relatados por Praticantes de Musculação do sexo Masculino

“…Também foi observado que os praticantes de musculação, que utilizaram anabolizantes, relatam como principais efeitos colaterais a euforia (81%) e o aumento de cravos e espinhas (94%), o que também é semelhante aos resultados obtidos no presente estudo 8 . Apesar de baixa incidência nos relatos dos voluntários no presente estudo, a ginecomastia é um dos efeitos colaterais que mais são citados na literatura sobre os EAA 16,17,18 . É importante salientar que, os resultados representam o relato dos entrevistados a partir das suas percepções empíricas dos efeitos colaterais.…”

Impact of the Surgical Treatment of Gynecomastia on the Quality of Life and Self-Esteem of Patients

“…Half of pathological gynecomastias have an idiopathic cause, however, the most frequent known cause is the use of drugs, including cannabis, ethanol, amphetamines, ketoconazole, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers, amiodarone, nitrates, diazepam, tricyclic antidepressants, haloperidol, drugs for anti-HIV therapy, omeprazole, heparin, among others. Klinefelter Syndrome, trauma and viral orchitis are other common causes 1,4 .…”