Nitrous oxide emissions in agricultural soils: a review

Signor, Diana; Cerri, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino

doi:10.1590/s1983-40632013000300014

Cited by 205 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…The N supply in plants is often provided by chemical fertilizers, some of them have low efficiency due to its natural transformations in soil (e.g. denitrification and volatilization), lead to losses that can achieve up to 70% of the N applied (Mortvedt et al, 1999;Signor and Cerri, 2013). Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an alternative to nitrogen supply to several plants, especially legumes due to its association with rhizobia present in roots (Peix et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic efficiency of Bradyrhizobium in peanut under different environments in Brazilian Northeast

Sizenando¹,

Ramos²,

Fernandes‐Júnior³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Several legumes have natural ability to associate with nitrogen-fixing bacteria known as rhizobia. The efficiency of this association depends on the plant and bacterial genotype and the edaphoclimatic conditions. Peanut is a tropical legume able to associate with a wide range of rhizobia and the selection of efficient bacteria is important to increase the nitrogen fixation in this crop. In order to investigate the agronomic efficiency of two Bradyrhizobium strains, two peanut genotypes were used in field trails carried out in three environments located at Brazilian Northeast. The genotypes (BR1 and L7 Bege) were submitted to rhizobial inoculation (SEMIA 6144 or ESA 123, both Bradyrhizobium strains), and chemical nitrogen fertilization in randomized block design experiments. The following traits were analyzed: flowering (F), main axis height (MAH), number of nodules/plant (NN), number of pods/plant (NP) and weight of pods (WP). Differential responses were found in all to treatments to NN, NP and WP, in the three environments studied. Overall, ESA 123 showed good agronomic performance inducing higher pod production. The results support the evaluation of the Bradyrhizobium in further experiments aiming at its recommendation to commercial inoculants in Brazilian Northeast region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic efficiency of Bradyrhizobium in peanut under different environments in Brazilian Northeast

Sizenando¹,

Ramos²,

Fernandes‐Júnior³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…Changes in land use or cropping strategy can significantly affect the release of these gases and contribute to the greenhouse effect of warming global temperatures (Snyder et al, 2009;Signor and Cerri, 2013;IPCC, 2013). Nitrous oxide and CH 4 produced in the soil are small compared with CO 2 but have radiative forcing 298 and 25 times greater than CO 2 respectively, over a 100 yr period (IPCC, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrous oxide is emitted from ecosystems through microbially mediated pathways of nitrification and denitrification (Snyder et al, 2009;Signor and Cerri, 2013;IPCC, 2013). Agriculture is responsible for greater than 67% of N 2 O emissions, and result primarily from animal waste management and crop fertilization (IPCC, 2013;Gelfand et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agriculture is responsible for greater than 67% of N 2 O emissions, and result primarily from animal waste management and crop fertilization (IPCC, 2013;Gelfand et al, 2013). The magnitude of these emissions depends on management, climatic conditions, N fertilization, and availability of N and site soil properties (Smith et al, 2003;Signor and Cerri, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Emissions of N 2 O from N-fertilized agricultural fields has been found to range between 0.001 and 6.8% (Bouwman, 1996;Snyder et al, 2009;Signor and Cerri, 2013;IPCC, 2013). Adler et al (2007) reported soil N 2 O emissions are the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions associated with bioenergy crop production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercropping with Switchgrass Improves Net Greenhouse Gas Balance in Hybrid Poplar Plantations on a Sand Soil

Collins

Fay

Kimura³

et al. 2017

Soil Science Society of America Journal

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In the Pacific Northwest, commercial hybrid poplar (Populus generosa Henry × Populus canadensis Moench.) is managed at low stocking densities under irrigation for high-value timber production. The objectives of this study were to measure greenhouse gas emissions (CH4, CO 2 , and N 2 O) during intercropping of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) with hybrid poplar; estimate losses of fertilizer-N as N 2 O, and estimate global warming potentials (GWP) of the intercrop. Cumulative above-ground biomass-C of the poplar monoculture (PM) closely matched the four year growing season (GS) soil CO 2 -C emissions, where aboveground biomass of the switchgrass monoculture (SM) and intercrop (IC) exceeded GS CO 2 -C emissions by 14.1 Mg C ha -1 . Soil CH 4 -C uptake was not significantly different between treatments, while GS N 2 O-N emissions for PM were ~80% lower than both IC and SM. N 2 O emissions factors averaged 0.7% of the applied N-fertilizer. Cumulative contributions of CO 2 emissions to GWP were offset by biomass-C resulting in a near zero balance (−5.1 Mg CO 2eq ha -1 ) for the PM, where, IC and SM sequestered significantly more CO 2 resulting in a net GWP of −42.5 and -32.2 Mg CO 2eq ha -1 , respectively. Intercropping with switchgrass can improve the net greenhouse gas balance of hybrid poplar. Continued research is needed on the effects of irrigated bioenergy production on GHG emissions in intercropped systems as they will become increasingly important as agricultural water use, water availability and quality are challenged by climate change.Abbreviations: DM, dry matter; GHG, greenhouse gas; GS, growing season; GWP, global warming potential; N EF , nitrogen emissions factor; PM, monoculture poplar; IC, poplar/ switchgrass intercrop; SM, switchgrass monoculture M ajor shifts in crop production will occur as farmers prepare to supply the demand for biomass feedstocks for production of renewable biofuels. These shifts will affect agroecosystem services related to water use, carbon storage, nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that have direct effects on air, water, and soil quality (Popp et al., 2014). Perennial grasses are an important source of feed and fiber and are considered sustainable bioenergy crops because they have the capacity to produce large quantities of biomass, can be grown on marginal lands, improve soil quality and protect soils from erosion (Lemus and Lal, 2005;Sartori et al., 2006; Casler et al., 2009;Gelfand et al., 2013). Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a prominent biomass crop for the US biofuel industry (Sanderson et al., 2007; Casler et al., 2009) because it yields well on a variety of soil types, is drought-tolerant, and has low fertility requirements (McLaughlin and Kszos, 2005;Lemus and Lal, 2005;Kimura et al., 2015). The root system of switchgrass has been shown to offset C losses and promotes C sequestration by adding a Core Ideas• A critical issue in the production of biofuels has been the competition with food crops• Intercropping switchgrass and hybrid poplar wa...

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Land Use, Land Use History, and Soil Type Affect Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxes From Agricultural Landscapes of the East African Highlands

et al. 2018

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This study aims to explain effects of soil textural class, topography, land use, and land use history on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the Lake Victoria region. We measured GHG fluxes from intact soil cores collected in Rakai, Uganda, an area characterized by low‐input smallholder (<2 ha) farming systems, typical for the East African highlands. The soil cores were air dried and rewetted to water holding capacities (WHCs) of 30, 55, and 80%. Soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes were measured for 48 h following rewetting. Cumulative N2O fluxes were highest from soils under perennial crops and the lowest from soils under annual crops (P < 0.001 for all WHC). At WHC of 55% or 80%, the sandy clay loam soils had lower N2O fluxes than the clay soils (P < 0.001 and P = 0.041, respectively). Cumulative soil CO2 fluxes were highest from eucalyptus plantations and lowest from annual crops across multiple WHC (P = 0.014 at 30% WHC and P < 0.001 at both 55 and 80% WHC). Methane fluxes were below detectable limits, a shortcoming for using soil cores from the top soil. This study reveals that land use and soil type have strong effects on GHG fluxes from agricultural land in the study area. Field monitoring of fluxes is needed to confirm whether these findings are consistent with what happens in situ.

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Nitrous oxide emissions in agricultural soils: a review

Cited by 205 publications

References 79 publications

Agronomic efficiency of Bradyrhizobium in peanut under different environments in Brazilian Northeast

Agronomic efficiency of Bradyrhizobium in peanut under different environments in Brazilian Northeast

Intercropping with Switchgrass Improves Net Greenhouse Gas Balance in Hybrid Poplar Plantations on a Sand Soil

Land Use, Land Use History, and Soil Type Affect Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxes From Agricultural Landscapes of the East African Highlands

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