Bitter gourd little leaf disease associated to 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris'

Win, Nang Kyu Kyu; Kim, Young‐Hwan; Jung, Hee‐Young

doi:10.1590/s1982-56762014000100010

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Bitter gourd, Momordica charantia L. is one of the most popular vegetable of Cucurbitaceae family in the tropical and subtropical countries [49,50]. Bitter gourd is commonly attacked by a number of diseases that are of national importance and cause important economic losses in this vegetable [51,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of pathogen responsible for angular leaf spot disease of Momordica charantia and evaluation of biological control system

Chowdhury¹,

Alam²,

Islam³

et al. 2018

IJSRP

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The present investigation was conducted for morpho-physiological and molecular detection of the causal agent responsible for angular leaf spot disease of Momordica charantia and its biological control technique. The pathogen of the devastating disease was isolated and cultured on Lauria and Bertani (LB) agar medium. The pathogen was characterized by a series of biochemical and molecular methods. Isolated bacteria showed positive and negative responses in biochemical tests. Molecular detection of the isolated bacteria was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers which amplified approximately 1400bp size of DNA fragment clear cut band. 16S rDNA gene sequencing of the bacterial isolate showed 86% similarities with the original sequence of Pseudomonas syringae. In antibiotic assay, cefixime showed highest 17.0±0.5mm diameter zone of inhibition against the isolated bacteria. Methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica and Allium sativum revealed the highest 10.0±0.6mm diameter zone of inhibition against the isolated pathogenic bacteria. The antagonistic activity of soil bacteria, Rhizobium from Vigna mungo showed prominent zone of inhibition against the isolated bacterial strain. The present investigation would be helpful for detection and control of the devastating disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of pathogen responsible for angular leaf spot disease of Momordica charantia and evaluation of biological control system

Chowdhury¹,

Alam²,

Islam³

et al. 2018

IJSRP

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“…The diseases caused by phytoplasma are emerging as a major constraint for the production of several crops across the globe [44]. Phytoplasma belonging to the 16S rRNA that infects bitter gourd has been well documented in Asia [11,12,14]. However, from India there were no reports about its prevalence on bitter gourd.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Areas under cultivation of this crop are decreasing worldwide due to many abiotic and biotic stresses. Among the different biotic factors, major constraints resulting in crop loss are due to viral [10] and phytoplasma diseases [11,12]. Different phytoplasma groups associated with bitter gourd disease include witches' broom phytoplasma, described for the first time by electron microscopy [13], X disease caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni' and Ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection and characterization of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ associated with littleleaf disease of bitter gourd from India by 16S rRNA phylogenetic and RFLP (in vitro and virtual) analysis

Venkataravanappa¹,

Reddy²,

Swarnalatha³

et al. 2017

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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Bitter gourd plants showing symptoms of little leaf disease are prevalent in farmers' fields in the Bangalore rural district, Karnataka state, India. Twenty leaf samples from different locations were collected to determine the etiology of the disease. Using PCR and phytoplasma 16S rRNA gene-specific universal primers, we observed positive amplification for the phytoplasma specific primers in five out of twenty samples. The amplified products were cloned, sequenced and nucleotide (NT) sequence comparisons were made with the available phytoplasmas' 16S rRNA gene NT sequences in the NCBI database. The 16S rRNA gene NT sequence of bitter gourd phytoplasma shared highest identity of 81.7-96.0% with 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' (Ca. P. asteris) 16Sr I group isolates from different parts of the world. This was supported by close clustering of phytoplasma of the current study with the Ca. P. asteris 16Sr I subgroup by phylogenetic analysis. The virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern generated for the Phytoplasma from bitter gourd was in congruence with the in vitro RFLP pattern for the six enzymes. This was typical to Ca. P. asteris from the 16Sr I group. Further, virtual RFLP analysis with 11 more enzymes used for RFLP pattern prediction revealed differences only in the Mse I RFLP pattern, with a similarity coefficient of 0.91, which is less than the threshold similarity coefficient for a new subgroup. We propose that the phytoplasma detected in the present study that infects bitter gourd and causes littleleaf disease should be considered as a new subgroup of group 16Sr I (Ca. P. asteris). This is the first report of phytoplasma associated with littleleaf disease of bitter gourd from India.

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