Interações socioculturais com a fauna silvestre em uma unidade de conservação na Amazônia: relações de gênero e geração

Menegaldo, Luciana Raffi; Pereira, Henrique dos Santos; Ferreira, Aldenor da Silva

doi:10.1590/s1981-81222013000100008

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The gendered lives of adult men and women embody the socially constructed differentiation in attitudes, responsibilities, knowledge, and abilities in interacting with the local environment (e.g., farming, hunting, preparing food, etc.) (Menegaldo et al., 2013). This illustrates how outer phenomena, such as social structures and gender, may interact to affect inner phenomena, such as individuals’ environmental attitudes or group‐level norms and practices (which, in turn, reproduce social structures).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the concept of ecological habitus, people's thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and actions toward the environment are influenced by the social world they inhabit (Kasper, 2009). In rural Amazonia, socialization into a gendered division of livelihood‐related tasks begins in childhood (Menegaldo et al., 2013). For example, boys may go fishing or hunting with their fathers, developing knowledge of local fauna, whereas girls are generally expected to perform more domestic tasks, assisting their mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the influence of nature connection and values on conservation attitudes at a tropical deforestation frontier

Mikołajczak

Barlow

Lees

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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Inner phenomena, such as personal motivations for pursuing sustainability, may be critical levers for improving conservation outcomes. Most conservation research and policies, however, focus on external phenomena (e.g., ecological change or economic processes). We explored the factors shaping 9 conservation attitudes toward forest and wildlife protection among colonist farmers around an Amazonian deforestation frontier. Our data comprised 241 face‐to‐face quantitative surveys, complemented with qualitative insights from open‐ended questionnaire responses and opportunistic semistructured interviews. To account for the full spectrum of possible inner motivations, we employed measures of nature connection (indicating biospheric motivation) and personal values organized around the traditionalism (traditionalist through to high openness to change) and universalism dimensions (egoistic through to altruistic motivations). We used averaged beta‐binomial generalized linear models to assess the role of external factors (socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and environmental) and personal (inner) motivations on the variation in attitudes. Each attitude was modeled separately. The relative importance of each predictor was judged by the proportion of models where it appeared as significant. Proconservation views were expressed by the majority (at least 65%) of the respondents in 7 out of the 9 attitude models. The most consistent predictors were emotional nature connection and personal values (significant in 4–6 out of 9 models), rather than external phenomena (significant in 0–5 models). However, the poorest farmers had lower scores on the agreement with prioritizing nature over development (𝛽 = –0.52, 95% CI: –0.96 to –0.07). Qualitative data also indicated that economic barriers hinder forest conservation on farms. These results suggest that biospheric, traditionalistic, and altruistic motivations promote people's proconservation attitudes, but nurturing these latent motivations is unlikely to improve conservation outcomes if material poverty remains unaddressed. Integrating the inner–outer perspective into conservation thinking and practical interventions could foster environmental stewardship and increase human well‐being.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the influence of nature connection and values on conservation attitudes at a tropical deforestation frontier

Mikołajczak

Barlow

Lees

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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“…People's lived experiences in rural communities shape their different perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes toward a range of wildlife species (Mikolajczak et al in press), which may partly explain why migrant households are more likely to consume howler monkeys and red-tailed catfish, beyond the effect of directly accessing them by going hunting or fishing. People's ecological knowledge, habits, and dispositions toward different species are socially constructed, emerging during the childhood socialization process in rural Amazonian communities (Menegaldo et al 2013). In addition, although we did not investigate the different ways food-secure and food-insecure households may acquire wild meat, it is likely that vulnerable households (more food insecure) rely less on purchasing than on hunting and gifts and that may influence their access to different species.…”

Section: Species-specific Associations Between Food Insecurity and Wi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The species-specific role of wildlife in the Amazonian food system

Chaves¹,

Torres²,

Parry³

2023

E&S

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We examine ways in which the role of wild animals in the Amazonian food system may be socially differentiated and species-specific. We combine a hybrid framework of food choice preferences and theorizing on access to natural resources with fieldwork in Brazilian Amazon, where social and environmental challenges coalesce around the role of wildlife in feeding a growing urban population. Based on 798 household surveys across four towns, we found that consumption of, and taste preferences for, selected species of mammals, fishes, birds, and reptiles are related to variation in means of access (e.g., level of social trust -the basis of reciprocity and informal urban safety nets), and having rural cultural origins (marginal to migrants' other socioeconomic differences). The likelihood of eating particular species was associated with taste preferences and household experiences of food insecurity. Hunting and fishing households consumed many wild species; it is unclear if they depend heavily on any in particular. Vulnerable species, including manatee, tortoise, and river turtle, were eaten mainly by relatively privileged households, and less so by other households (e.g., rural-urban migrants). Rural origins increased by 90% the likelihood of a strong wild meat preference, compared to other households. Evidently, wildlife consumption is a rural tradition that influences migrants' dietary practices in towns, through the interplay of preferences, means of access, and context. Finally, severe and moderate food insecurity was associated with eating howler monkey and catfishes (barred and redtail) and not eating manatee and turtle. Hence, urban consumption of some, but not all, wild species is associated with household disadvantage and food insecurity. Amazonian town-dwellers consume many wild species, drawing on diverse means of access, which are species-specific and reflect social inequalities. Species-specific governance of wildlife consumption may help balance the risks of overharvesting against the well-being of Amazonia's vulnerable town-dwellers.

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“…O animal enquanto relação e construção sociocultural é característica do ambiente em que cada sociedade humana se encontra. No contexto amazônico, uma das formas de relação ou interação entre humanos e animais não-humanos representa um dispositivo cultural local, a caça (DESCOLA, 1998;MENEGALDO et al, 2013;; VIEIRA e SHEPARD, 2017). Ao contrário da caça comercial, que representa um indicador de extinção de espécies (YOUNG et al, 2016), localmente, a caça representa uma fonte de obtenção de recursos alimentares, uma prática simbólica presente na constituição de estruturas cosmológica (VIEIRA e SHEPARD, 2017).…”

Section: Formas De Relação Humano-animal: Casos Amazônicosunclassified

Aspectos da relação pessoa-animal na conservação da fauna silvestre amazônica em risco de extinção

Mateus¹,

Higuchi

2019

AMBIENTE & EDUCAÇÃO

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RESUMOO trabalho apresenta quais aspectos constituem a relação pessoa-animal na amazônia e seus desdobramento na conservação da fauna silvestre em risco de extinção. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica e campo, neste último utilizou-se a técnica de grupo focal. Os dados coletados foram discutidos mediante a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo. A pesquisa foi em quatro comunidades amazônicas. Verificou-se que as formas de percepção do mundo e consequentemente posicionamento sobre as espécies não-humanas coadunam-se aos tipos de relações construídas entre os seres vivos nos diversos contextos. As dimensões da coexistência entre humanos e a animais da fauna silvestre, constroem-se a medida que os conhecimentos sobre as mesmas são aprofundados. ABSTRACTThe work presents which aspects constitute the person-animal relationship in the amazon and its unfolding in the conservation of the wild fauna in danger of extinction. The research was bibliographical and field, in the latter the focal group technique was used. The data collected were discussed using the Content Analysis technique. The research was carried out in four Amazonian communities. It has been found that the forms of perception of the world and consequently positioning on the non-human species are in line with the types of relations constructed between living beings in different contexts. The dimensions of coexistence between humans and animals of wild fauna are built up as knowledge about them is deepened. INTRODUÇÃOO mundo globalizado afeta a forma como nos relacionamos com os demais seres vivos. Essa afirmação é corroborada por uma diversidade de estudos sobre a coexistência entre as espécies, discute-se como seres humanos estavam juntos, próximos ou na companhia de outros animais, antes mesmo do nomadismo e muito mais com a domesticação. De acordo com Morris (1990) as relações criadas entre as espécies, pela proximidade e coexistência, representavam uma forma de contrato animal, onde tanto humanos como não-humanos, estavam numa igualdade de percepção e interação com o ambiente. A coexistência entre humanos e cães é um exemplo deste contrato. Essa relação com os cães domésticos do gênero Canis, atualmente "natural", é um caso do processo de aproximação mútua (MARCHESINI, 2011). A proximidade ocorreu mediante a domesticação, uma ação de controle reprodutivo e seleção artificial, operacionalizada a partir de determinados animais funcionais à espécie humana. A preferência sobre determinados animais, se por um lado permitiu a aproximação, por outro criou uma lacuna com outras espécies, pois na visão utilitarista, não possuíam função na vida humana. Trata-se, portanto, de uma objetificação, precarização e discriminação das outras espécies, identificada como especismo (SINGER, 2010). A preferência por espécies em desfavor de outras é o reflexo de nossa estrutura social, as necessidades humanas, sejam elas alimentícias, estéticas, lazer, saúde, segurança e assim por diante (SINGER, 2010). Ressalta-se que essas formas de percepção e coexistência com os outros animais caminham...

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Interações socioculturais com a fauna silvestre em uma unidade de conservação na Amazônia: relações de gênero e geração

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluating the influence of nature connection and values on conservation attitudes at a tropical deforestation frontier

Evaluating the influence of nature connection and values on conservation attitudes at a tropical deforestation frontier

The species-specific role of wildlife in the Amazonian food system

Aspectos da relação pessoa-animal na conservação da fauna silvestre amazônica em risco de extinção

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